Assessment Resources:
| Access to Blackboard and internetAssessment due –Friday 25 September by 5pm Week 10 |
Assessment Instructions:
| This assessment requires students to demonstrate their knowledge of Five Counselling Therapies and application with clients in a counselling context. This is an open book assessment and students may conduct research or refer to class notes. Some class time will be allocated to commence this assessment, but students will need to complete the remainder in their own timeStudents are required to:Complete all questions listed in this assessment task.All questions in this assessment task must be answered correctly in order to meet assessment requirements.Provide responses to the questions that are: Typed and written using formal workplace writing style including paragraphing, accurate spelling, grammar and punctuation. Individual original work, and where the student is drawing upon the ideas of a resource or quoting directly, the student must acknowledge the source of the information at the end of the question. Direct quotes from resources, even when properly referenced, should be kept to a minimum and paraphrasing used where ever possible. Submit responses to the questions in Counselling Skills Blackboard shell by the due date stated in the Learning and Assessment Plan.Results and feedback will be given in the Counselling Skills Blackboard shell. View the rubric and comments in My Grades on Blackboard. |
Assessment Instrument:
1. Fill in the table below:
| Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) | Research CBT, give detailed and referenced answers to each of the sections below. |
| Historical development | Psychiatrist Aaron Beck introduced this kind of therapy in the 1960s where he denoted thoughts which may increase the stress of a person as ‘negative thoughts. This is the first therapy which focused on thoughts and its ability to influence human behaviours |
| Terminology | It is a therapy which helps the patients to identify the negative thoughts which affect behaviours and emotions and helps to get rid of them. It helps to replace the negative thoughts with more rational thoughts |
| Underpinning Concepts | The concept of this theory is to cut off the negative thoughts which affect human behaviour, mood and emotions and replace them with more logical and objective thoughts which will be encouraging the patient and give him/her a direction. |
| Processes used in application | At first, the patient is asked about the negative thoughts and a style of therapy is chosen based on the negative thoughts the patient has. Some of these styles are cognitive therapy, multimodal therapy, etc. |
| Roles of the counsellor & client | Role of the counsellor is to get to know whatever negative thoughts the client has and the role of the client is to frankly share all the negative thoughts with the counsellor. The counsellor then makes a plan targeted at getting rid of the thoughts by replacing them with more logical thoughts. |
| Benefits & limitations of its application with clients given varying presentations. | The benefit of this therapy is it is aimed very specifically to get rid of the negative thoughts and the clients are directed to set goals. Clients may get emotionally vulnerable while revisiting past events during the sessions, is one of the limitations (Romanowska & Dobroczyński, 2020). |
2. Fill in the table below:
| Acceptance & Commitment Therapy(ACT) | Research ACT, give detailed and referenced answers to each of the sections below. |
| a.Historical development | Psychologist Steven C. Hayes introduced this therapy in 1982. It was initially called “comprehensive distancing”. It was improvised to suit the needs of the client. Currently, there are various types of ACT like Focused Acceptance and Commitment Therapy |
| b.Terminology | It is a therapy where the clients are suggested to accept the troubles of life and move on leaving the troubles behind. Here the clients are not told to fight or struggle with the feelings but to let it come and then go. |
| b.Terminology | It is a therapy where the clients are suggested to accept the troubles of life and move on leaving the troubles behind. Here the clients are not told to fight or struggle with the feelings but to let it come and then go. |
| c.Underpinning Concepts | The main concept of this therapy is to accept the realities and troubles of life and not to overreact to them. The client is told not to fight with those feelings but to move on and never look back to the past troubles and pains. |
| d.Processes used in application | At first, the client is told to rectify the thoughts and emotions which cause pain. Then, he/she is told to prevent struggling with the thoughts and accept them. A goal is set for the clients to achieve. |
| e.Roles of the counsellor & client | The role of the counsellor is to guide the client through the processes and to suggest different strategies. One such strategy is to meditate. The counsellor suggests the client to modify old negative thoughts by viewing them from a different perspective. |
| f.Benefits & limitations of its application with clients given varying presentations. | One of the benefits is that the clients are told to continue the therapy without taking any medication. It helps the individual to get rid of depression and stress (Tonarelli et al., 2016). |
Fill in the table below:
| Solution focused Therapy (SFT) | Research SFT; give detailed and referenced answers to each of the sections below. |
| a.Historical development | This therapy was introduced by the husband-wife duo, Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg. They started to work in this therapy during the early days of the 1980s. Both were social workers who used to work at the Brief Family Therapy Center. |
| b.Terminology | It is a therapy where the focus is on what is going right for the client instead of what is going wrong. It works based on Constructivism. People are told that they are the only one who can create their own reality. |
| c.Underpinning Concepts | In this therapy, the past events of the client are not considered. The focus is more on what right is going on in the current situation of the client. It is always believed that the occurrence of changes is practical and inevitable. |
| d.Processes used in application | It starts with the counsellor asking questions which will be able to display the capability and the zeal which the counsellor has in order to solve the issue the client is facing. The counsellor at the end helps the client to reach his/her goal. |
| e.Roles of the counsellor & client | The role of the counsellor is to ask questions to the client in order to show his/her strength and the motive to solve the client’s problems. The client should be able to discuss frankly the achievements of his/her life. (Brockman et al., 2016). |
| f.Benefits & limitations of its application with clients given varying presentations. | One of the benefits is that the counsellor does not have to make the client revisit his/her past to continue with the therapy. The counsellor can do his/her work without delving into the past of the client. One limitation is that the client may conclude that the therapy is successful and complete before waiting for the counsellor to say so. (Brockman et al., 2016). |
Reference
Araújo, T. S. D., & Holanda, A. F. (2018). The origins of the aggression concept in gestalt-therapy: Freud, Reich and others. Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica, 24(2), 234-245 10.18065
Brockman, M., Hussain, K., Sanchez, B., & Turns, B. (2016). Managing child behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorders: Utilizing structural and solution focused therapy with primary caregivers. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 44(1), 1-10 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2015.1099414
Haugaard, C. (2016). Narrative therapy as an ethical practice. Journal of systemic therapies, 35(1), 1-19 https://doi.org/10.1521/jsyt.2016.35.1.1
Jorgensen-Graupner, L. I., & Van Zyl, L. E. (2019). Inspiring growth: A counselling framework for industrial psychology practitioners. In Positive psychological intervention design and protocols for multi-cultural contexts (pp. 381-404). Springer, Cham https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20020-6_17
Kettunen, J., & Tynjälä, P. (2018). Applying phenomenography in guidance and counselling research. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 46(1), 1-11 https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2017.1285006
Romanowska, M., & Dobroczyński, B. (2020). Unconscious processes in Aaron Beck’s cognitive theory: Reconstruction and discussion. Theory & Psychology, 30(2), 223-242 https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0959354320901796
Tonarelli, S. B., Pasillas, R., Alvarado, L., Dwivedi, A., & Cancellare, A. (2016). Acceptance and commitment therapy compared to treatment as usual in psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatry, 19(3), 1-5 https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v2i1.53
