Introduction
In modern world the issue of racism is one of the serious issues around world and it is quite evident that skin bleaching or skin whitening is a major part of the cosmetics in various countries around the world. In this regard it can be stated that racism can affect the society in a negative manner. Over the time it was observed that the issues of alteration in the skin color, hair color, dress, body accessories of the individuals are identical with the societal discrimination and most of the time they are the roots of the discrimination in the modern society (Hall 2014). As a part of the society it is the duty of the all the people to maintain the social norms and to maintain the social protocol all the time in order to prevent such type of social discrimination as well (Stone 2018). Due to such practices in society the globalization of cosmetic surgery has occurred and more number of people around the world are now concentrating towards such therapies in spite of knowing a huge amount of adverse events related to the cosmetic surgery. In terms of performing cosmetic surgery in each year, it can be stated that the countries like Brazil, China, and India have huge number of cases related to the cosmetic surgeries and it is reported that the modern cosmetic surgery technologies mainly evolved after the completion of the first world war and US was the primary location of this emerging technology of cosmetic surgery in the initial days (Perreira and Telles 2014).
In this essay, the emerging cosmetic surgery technology around the world is discussed along with the issue of racial discrimination in the society. Therefore, it can be stated that the main reason of this evolve of the cosmetic surgery around the world is due to the problem of racial discrimination or racism in the society.
Review of Literature
In the context of globalization of the cosmetic procedures or cosmetic surgery culture in the society, the protean interpretation of the whiteness has become a serious area of the study as it depicts the process of so called whiteness and along with this this concept also helps to understand the reason of not using the surgery process neatly. Race is a created social group, planned to stratify persons and establish significance in a social context. Racism includes a web of social, economic, political and cultural actions, buildings, and beliefs that structure and ensure an unequal circulation of resources, privilege, and power in favor of the foremost racial group and at the expenditure of all other members of the community (Hall 2014). A huge number of individuals around the world may be taking part in bodily practices that are inseparably related to the construction and re-making of the traditional white norms in the society —either in an dynamic bid as a part of the survival process in the society or mostly in step along with the indistinguishable grasps of supremacy in the modern society. According to the study of Kang et al. (2016), it is reported that the issue of racial discrimination in the society is the root cause of the evolvement of the cosmetic procedures such as whitening in the society over the time. The bodies of women during the postsurgical culture are all negotiated irrespective of whether they refuse or choose surgical interventions. Connecting cosmetic procedures to consumption and identity, beauty culture is observed by the researchers as concomitantly intimidating and redemptive for the individuals in the society. According to the study of Alessandrini and Piraccini (2016), it is stated that concealing the actual conditions or the color of the skin by using the cosmetic procedures has become a modern trend and it is mainly due to the social discrimination present in the society. On the other hand, in some studies, contradictory viewpoints are also reported by the researchers. In this regard, it can be stated that many researchers also reported that cosmetic surgery is progressively offered as a impartial technology suited to altering personal liking, thus endorsing an equality discourse for all the people present in the society. Moreover, it was also reported that the use of cosmetic procedure around the world also allows the people of the society to gain their own preferences and minimizing the risks of social bias based on the racial discrimination (Chung 2014). In the study of McCrudden et al. (2015), the use of cosmetic procedures are portrayed as a quest for excellent appearance, where attractiveness or perfection has now become ordinary, and on the other hand the ordinary has become useless or ugly in the terms of society. In the study of Ponterotto (2016), it was stated that in spite of emerging of the feminism in the society over the time the beauty is always a crucial factor for the women in the society. Beauty is both mounted economically, socially and politically and it is experienced artistically throughout the ages. This is the key to the idea of the association in between hopefulness and the girls’ and women’s considerations of beauty. In the study of Robbins, Hintz and Moore (2014), it is stated that although the guidelines of masculinity or femininity could be a decent commencement, still the ideas regarding nation and race, and the experiences of discrimination at work in any specified setting, also need careful consideration. This study answers to the claims of the feminist that have insisted the researchers to discover the idea of beauty as a realistic and sensible question. Considering the idea of beauty as a realistic and pragmatic question encounters the common moral necessities that have convoyed most of the researches on beauty and it mainly depict beauty as either bad or good. Therefore, it can be stated that as beauty is not a well-defined concept for the society, so it must be restricted. However, in some cases beauty is also depicted as good component and in those cases, it can be stated that beauty is a choice and it can be considered as a path to ordinariness in the society (Mullings 2014). A strong numbers of literatures taken mainly from feminist studies has inspected beauty morals and practices. It has discovered how beauty influences women’s lives and configures gender relationships in Anglo-European settings, concentrating on how it plays a crucial role in the context of power and economy of the society (Chung 2014). In another study of Jin (2016), it is stated that Korean academics frequently use postcolonial and feminist approaches that have initiated in the West to discuss cosmetic surgery practices in separation from important national and local discourses. The authors reported that the issue of cosmetic procedures is not at all good or healthy for the consumers in the society. As a part of this the researchers stated that there are various products or components present in the market can harm seriously to the users and thereby it is the duty of the society to restrict the use of such products or just simply they should refuse those products from the market.
According to the study of Khunger (2015), it is stated that with the advancement of time although the various surgical processes are replaced by the minimum invasive techniques, still the complications related to those less invasive techniques are not at all reducing. In this study it was reported that, cosmetic surgical procedures exhibited an average decay by 12 per cent from 2000 to 2014 as compared to slightly invasive measures that presented a intense growth of 154 per cent in the similar period. There are a few minimally invasive cosmetic procedures which are mostly used by the experts in recent times and they are mainly soft tissue fillers, botulinum toxin injection, laser hair removal, chemical peels, and microdermabrasion. Although, all these techniques are technology friendly still, the rise in numbers and longer follow-up periods are associated with the several complications among the patients having the cosmetic surgery process. While discussing about the long-term adverse events, the most common cases are reported as infections and persistent granulomas. Therefore, it may take place due to negligence in aseptic measures or formation of biofilms. However, in some cases it was also observed by the researchers that adverse events related to the fillers can also cause permanent blindness to the patients as well. The main reason of facing issues such as blindness as a part of the cosmetic procedures is due to the application of inadvertent arterial injection into the patient’s body (Ponterotto 2016). In a study it was reported that among the 447 patients provided treatment in a surgical manner by using various methods, approximately 191 (42.72%) patients showed complications during the follow up processes. As a part of the ethical considerations, it is the duty of the doctors and the health care professionals to provide best care to the patients and thereby maintain all the processes before performing any type of cosmetic processes. According to the study of Khunger (2015), it is stated that in order to minimize the risks of adverse incidents in the cosmetic processes, proper selection and analysis of history of the patients must be analyzed.
Ethical Consideration and Importance of Social Problem
While discussing about the main reasons of choosing this social problem, it can be stated that the immense bad effect of the racial discrimination in the society has become a serious problem for the society. In this regard, it can be stated that racism can create immense negative effects on the health and well-being, self-concepts, and life trajectories of the people of the society. Moreover the cases of racial discrimination in UK, is one of the major societal problems and in all the sectors of the society, the presence of racism is reported to be present. In the study of Witte (2014), it was reported that in the time of growing nationalism, xenophobia, ethnocentrism and open expressions of racism in the society, it has become quite required to address this issue in a serious manner. While discussing about the ethical grounds of the racial discriminations, it can be stated that in terms of ethical considerations in the society people of all the society must be treated in an equal manner in order to maintain equality among all the people in the society. In spite of having people of different race and ethnicity in the present society, it is the duty of all the members residing in the society to treat all the people equally irrespective of their race and ethnicity. Such kind of in initiatives of the people of the society also helps to construct a brand new viewpoint of race and ethnicity in the society as well (Panayi 2014).
Legislation related to Racial Discrimination
In terms of legislative initiative related to the idea of racial discrimination in all the aspects of the society, a common man can have the option of taking legislative actions against such discriminative behaviors. As a part of the legislative actions, it can be stated that in the year of 2010 the country has passed an act named The Equality Act 2010 that tries to maintain the equality related to all aspects in the society along with the problem of racial discrimination in the society (Conley 2014).
Conclusion
Hence, it can be concluded that the issue of racial discrimination is a serious problem of the society and this problem has affected various part of the society. The racial discrimination promotes the issue of cosmetic processes around the world and in order to maintain the social norms and to maintain the social protocol all the time most of the people opt to become so called beautiful in front of the society. As a part of this, various adverse incidents related to cosmetic processes are also reported and in case of the long-term adverse events, the most common cases are reported as infections and persistent granulomas. In UK, the problem of racial discrimination is present in all the part of the society and it is very important to address this problem in a serious manner.
References
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