Project management assignment study help on: Household occupancy
Background
Devikulam is located in the Panchayat region in India.
Its closest neighboring village is Nadukuppam and the nearest major city is Pondicherry. Approximately 90 families live in Devikulam, either living in the village, Colony, or Thoppu.
Within Devikulam household occupancy ranges from 2-11 people with most houses having between 4-7 people who have lived there between 20-70 years. <www.ewb.org.au/2011designareas>
The majority of the villagers work in agriculture. Others work as tree climbers. There are several temples located in Devikulam
Private transport options are limited for all households in Devikulam; instead most of the people in the village rely on their own bicycle and motorcycles to commute. Approximately 12 families in town have a motorbike and about 1/3 of the families have a bicycle. The bikes are usually used by men and for the women, children and elderly walking is the only option for travel. One family in Devikulam has a tractor and some 10 families have bullock carts. In the colony 5 of 22 houses own a bicycle and 3 own a motorcycle<www.ewb.org.au/transport>.
Most of the houses in Devikulam are huts; walls are made from mud of burnt bricks. The roof of almost all the houses is made of palm leaf or thatched. Government has also provided some group houses to the residents and they are made of burnt brick and concrete.
Vision:
The vision for Devikulam is to improve the living standards of the people living in the community. One of the ways to do this is by improving the facilities in the area through environmentally sustainable technologies. The aim is also to improve the employment prospects in Devikulam by establishing a variety of different industries in the area (Pitchandikulam Forest).
The two of the issues are
Transportation and
- Housing
And are discussed here in detail.
Transportation:
Issues:
It has been identified that the transport system in Devikulam and the entire Panchayat region as a problem that needs to be addressed.
- One of issue is to improve the community’s transport infrastructure to make it easier for the people living in the area to move in between villages and to the capital city Pondicherry.
- Another aim is to make it easier for the citizens of the Devikulam community to commute, especially for those who regularly need to walk to the village to collect their drinking water.
The road between Devikulam and Nadukuppam is a tar road and in good condition. Other then this, mostly roads in and around Devikulam are made of gravel.
- As most of the people use to walk between Devikulam and Nadukuppam, they always complain about the unpleasant conditions due to open defecation on road.
- Secondly the major road from Devikulam to Pondicherry is gravel road and in monsoon season it is impassable and the residents of Devikulam have to travel an additional 26 km to Pondicherry.
Suggestions:
- As people walking along the way to Nadukuppam have problems due to open defecation, some VIP (Ventilated improved Pit Latrines) should be constructed along the road. As less or no water is required for this type of latrines so these will be useful in this type of conditions. A good mobilization of residents will also be required to make residents agree to use these latrines and this will be very useful for hygiene purpose and will leave good impact on their health.
To make the road useful from Devikulam to Pondicherry during monsoon season there may be 2-options.
1- To introduce a drain along the road and made the road slope towards the drain. This drain will lead rain water towards some deeper area or putt the water into fields making the road clear for travelling. But this option will be only useful if there are not much have rains during monsoon. Because due to heavy rains the road and drain may be flooded and will remain of no use.
2- The second option is to raise the level of road from side fields. This would be better option. Taking history data and counseling from the residents of Devikulam the rising depth of the road can be decided.
Maintenance Methodology:
A long term maintenance plan is necessary to make these implementations useful. There should be a maintenance committee or Project committee formed by the villagers and from the villagers. This committee should be made responsible for the maintenance of the road and latrines along with the help of all residents. If more maintenance is required after every season then some financial help may also be provided on the recommendation of the project committee. The participation of the project committee and villagers will increase the sense of ownership and responsibility among them.
Transportation Means:
As most of the people have to walk or travel to bring water, a water dozer should be arranged. As in survey it has been mentioned that one resident has tractor. If one dozer can be arranged and by giving some reasonable compensation to the tractor driver on monthly basis this issue can be minimized. The dozer can be managed to place at different places in the village on specific timings and people can take water from that. This mechanism will reduce the women or children efforts and will save the time also.
- As there is a main road from Devikalum to Pouncherry a governmental transport system can be introduced to facilitate peoples who want to work in the pouncherry. This transport trips can be limitized on two or mostly three times a day. One is early in the morning on duty time and other at the end of shift time. If possible and needed by the community one trip can be managed at the mid of the day. This effort will put great impact on the economical situation of the people.
Housing:
Issues:
The issue is to improve the ability of housing in the community to handle the hot and wet seasons. Houses in Devikulam are mostly huts with cement or mud floors, walls made from mud or burnt brick, and roofs made of either thatch or palm leaf.
Governments has also provided some group houses to the residents and are made of burnt brick and concrete but at the moment they need urgent maintenance.
The concrete houses constructed by government are very hot in summer so people prefer to live in mud thatched houses because they are cooler. But most of the residents complain about the quality of these thatched houses. The issue is more in rainy season. So they want some better houses.
Design Suggestions:
For existing Residences:
- To reduce the rain effect on existing houses the roof of the houses should be tried to be water proof treating as much as possible.
- For the purpose a polythene sheet should be used above thatched or palm leaves followed by mud plastering. Adobe mud plastering will be more effective in this regard.
- In the existing government colony the wall inside the houses should be plastered with plaster of peris or even with lime. This type of plastering will reduce the heat transfer inside the house. Secondly plaster of peris roofing will also be useful to cope out the issue of heating.
New Constructions:
For the new constructions the followings may be considered:
- From outer site burnt bricks may be used and from internal side compressed earth wall or caly bricks can be used. The burnt bricks will reduce the damaging effect of rain form outside and at the same time the mud or clay bricks will minimize the heat transfer effect.
From outer side a plaster up to 3 feet can be done which will strengthen the walls against any flood disaster of intermediate level.
- For the roofing water proofing with addition of polythene sheet and mud plaster will be well enough with available material.
For the preparation of mud bricks local community can be trained. They may produce the bricks required for their homes and in the reward or according to financial scenario of the community people they can be helped with Cash For Work. The methodology will improve a new skill among them and reward cash will increase their financial condition and dignity.
The toilets can be designed on communal or household basis. The toilets with septic tank are good solutions. The septic tank may vary as household. A common design most suitable for a family of 8-10 persons is given
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