HR management help on: Henry Fayol theories
As one of the early management practitioners Henry Fayol has established different theories as well as fourteen principles of management. Fayol has shown full interest to the business houses, enterprises, students as well as the teachers at large. It has been believed that, the principles quoted by Henry Fayol have laid down a foundation for the management theory. This literature essay highlights the advantages, disadvantages as well as the comparison of the management theories with the other management gurus (Wren, 2001). Fayol’s contribution towards the management theory takes into consideration certain elements which can be divided into four different groups. The six elements or groups based upon which the essential functions have been classified are commercial activities, technical activities, managerial activities, security activities, accounting activities & financial activities. Fayol was the first one to portray differences between technical as well as the managerial skills. It was well stated by Fayol that, employees within the enterprise shall be proficient enough to take up different types of skills which would help to achieve the goals in the best possible manner. It must be kept in mind that, employees shall use its technical skills within the organization taking into consideration the management positions. Managerial skills within an organization will help in order to increase the management responsibility within the hierarchy of command. Breeze & Miner 2002, have noticed that based upon Fayol’s fourteen principles many articles & research papers have been examined. Fayol’s fourteen principles of management take into consideration the various activities such as planning, staffing, organizing, directing, command & control.
The Fayol’s fourteen principles of management have been referred to as the foundation of management. These principles are quite flexible as well as capable of taking into consideration the need of the enterprise. For example, Division of Labor has been referred to as a concept which is given up Fayol. This principle is of high advantage to the organization. This principle shall be implemented within the enterprise as it would help in increasing the overall productivity of the same (Pryor & Taneja, 2010). With the help of division of labor, the employees specialized within a particular stream will be able to take up task & finish it in less time. It has been seen that, most of the organizations practice Division of Labor which will help the employees within an enterprise to accomplish the organizational goals. By following this principle by Fayol, the entire work is divided amongst small pieces or elements. After dividing the entire work into various elements, each and every element is provided to the person who is an expert in its field. The next principle which has made the Fayol’s theories the basis of management within an organization is “Authority & Responsibility”. This principle acts as one of the major advantage within the organization. Authority has been referred to as the right of obedience whereas Responsibility on the other hand has been referred to as the person who instills authority along with it. Within an organization, authority shall move hand in hand with responsibility. This will help to have full commensurate of the job as well as help the managers to perform their job responsibilities in a much effective manner (Pryor & Taneja, 2010).
Based upon one of the research by Fayol, it has been specified that in “Unity of Command”, the employees shall receive orders from its supervisors. The “one boss rule shall prevail within the enterprise”. This will to maintain fair relationships within the superiors & supervisors. This principle highlighted by Fayol will help to follow a structured hierarchy within the same (Wren, 2001). According to Fayol, violation of the principle i.e. unity of command will provide an instable & an undisciplined behavior within the same. Remuneration to the personnel would be referred to as one of the key principles within the organization. Remuneration refers to the price paid to the people working within the organization for providing services to the customers. The compensation provided to the personnel within the enterprise shall be fair, satisfactory as well as justify their responsibilities. Remuneration of the employees will play one of the major roles while working within an organization. Remuneration provided to the employees shall be fair as well as strictly based upon the values of the employees. The compensation provided to the employees shall be based upon either of the following items such as sharing of the profits, time, job & bonuses, etc. These aspects shall be kept in mind as it will motivate the employees to work in the best possible manner.
Centralization along with decentralization has been referred to as the extent towards which the decision making has been decentralized up to the chain of command. There are various advantages as well as disadvantages. According to Fayol, the employees shall be given due time to learn as well as succeed in the performance. Proper planning as well as execution of the same shall be done (McLean, 2011). Fair encouragement as well as motivation shall be provided to the employees. This will help in order to create zeal as well as provide innovative ideas in order to implement it. The last principle of management provided by Fayol refers to “Espirit De Corps i.e. Unity in Strength”. This principle will provide the employees to work as a team as well as work towards the achievement of the goal. This will also help to maintain high levels of morale within the employees & provide a health environment to work within. Fayol is a firm believer & he states that, if the leader within the organization implements such theories they will be able to perform in a much effective manner. The other management Guru such as Rodrigues also believes with the fact that proper up gradation of the fourteen principles will help the enterprise in a long run. It means that better efficiency & effectiveness would be seen within the organization (McLean, 2011). While implementing the same, proper training shall be kept in mind. This means that an overall improvement within the skills, competencies, knowledge shall be taken in to consideration. This will help to enhance the organizational ability, efficacy, capacity & future growth of the same. These have been referred to as the key or the ingredients for the success of the organization. It has been concluded by saying that, without the application of the Fayol’s principles within enterprise high levels of difficulties will arise.
This portion of the literature essay takes into consideration, comparison of the Fayol’s principles with the theories given by other management gurus. Some of the viewpoints of the other management theorists which have been discussed in this section are Porter, Taylor, Follett & Parker and Lewis. The discussions of the Fayol 14 principles as compared to the other management gurus are quite negative in nature. The comparison of the Fayol’s principles with that of Follett have led to high levels of achievement as the best management practitioners. After a certain period of time, the work of Fayol & Follett has been subjected to the secondary status. It has been found that, the work done by the two management gurus is simplified, misinterpreted, summarized & stereotyped (Lewis, Goodman &. Fant, 1995). Based upon the comparison done by Parker & Ritson, it was summarized that the work done by the two was highly stereotyped as compared to the later writers. The main intention of Parker & Ritson was to reveal the complex characteristics which would help in the implementation of the management theory and practice.
Comparison of Fayol’s principles with Mintzberg has been described in this section of the literature essay. Fayol’s principles were majorly targeted towards how the management should be whereas on the other hand Mintzberg mainly focused upon management as it is. Based upon Wren, it has been summarized that principles given by both the management guru’s are right on their part & not competing. Both Fayol & Mintzberg, have provided useful management theories which are not mutually exclusive. Other authors have depicted that relationship between the principles provided by Fayol & Mintzberg have proper linkages between the two. Comparison of Fayol’s principles with Porter has been described as under. The principles given by Fayol take into consideration logical as well as strategic thinking. This means that, when Fayol talks about planning organizing, controlling, coordinating, etc he emphasizes on managing means for looking ahead (Cole, 1984). Fayol keeps in mind that various issues which must be addressed while strategic planning. It has been that, Fayol’s principle has been used in order to clarify as well as assist the Porter’s strategies for management. The Porter’s framework majorly take into consideration three generic strategies such as cost leadership, product – differentiation & Focus. By using the Fayol’s principle in order to implement the Porters model the competitive as well as the generic strategies will be kept in mind. The principles given by Fayol help to implement as well as enhance the strategies within the same.
Comparison of Fayol’s principles with Taylor examines the theories given by the two of the management gurus. They both talk about the control within the modern era. Some of the areas based upon which the theories provided by the two can be united with one another have been described as follows. Major emphasis of both the management gurus is on organizational structure, division of labor, work processes, etc. The concept of organization as a whole keeping in mind the functionality, similarity as well as the conceptual aspects of the same have been discussed by both the theorists. The main role of a manager is to perform as well as encourage the workers to as to how to work which would help their enterprise to achieve their goals. Taylor believed over the concept that, workers should specialize but the expectations of the management shall be based upon the activities of the managers (Brunsson, 2008). According to Taylor, the employees within the organization shall be technical experts but on the other hand Fayol believed on the fact that, they shall be more focused upon the organizational experts.
Hence, it can be concluded that Fayol’s principles has been referred to as a guide or a practice which takes into consideration the contemporary management theories. These theories provide a clear vision i.e. what shall be managers should do in order to quite effective or efficient. The fourteen principles given by Fayol portray importance even in the present scenario. The management principles provided by the same has have a strategic management perspective attached to it. Fayol principles are valuable & relevant even in today’s’ working regime of the enterprise (Breeze & Miner, 2002).
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