HR management assignment study on: Authorship & Ownership

When you speak or write, do you own the words that you have created? What about the thoughts that preceded those words?These questions get to the very heart of referencing and citation requirements in academic work. In the Western academic world, the presumption is that you do, in some sense, own your words and thoughts; at the very least, you have privileges pertaining to them. The main privilege is to be credited, or cited, for your effort and scholarship.

These notions of authorship and ownership, however, are based in cultural expectations. Even in the western world, these expectations have changed over time. Other cultures have historically placed emphasis on communal knowledge and showing respect through imitation (Bowden, 1996).

What is the norm in your culture? Describe any cultural presumptions about knowledge and ownership, both traditionally and in an academic context. How have modern trends such as the globalization and democratization of information affected these presumptions? In your response, also describe a plan for gaining or honing the citation and referencing skills you will need as you participate in this degree program.Ans.

The answer to the question mentioned above would be that the words themselves cannot be owned. Words would be referred to as a tool which helps to communicate with one another. Words will be used in order to form big & meaningful sentences. The first part of the question can be answered by saying that, no the words cannot be owned. The “the infinite monkey theorem” states that when a monkey hits the keys of the typewriter for infinite number of times, it will definitely lead to the typing of a given amount of text (Syahrani, 2011). The infinite money theorem is an example of the Borel-Cantelli lemma. It can be seen easily that, the words does not do anything on their own. The series of words can be used in order to produce more number of choices. Based upon one of the article published over Absoluteastronomy.com, the author defines that a person who is originates or provides existence for anything will determine the responsibility of what has been created.For example, if a monkey is able to type Hamlet, in spite of knowing the meaning then the text will not require any type of an author. The solutions will include that whosoever will find the text will indentify it that Hamlet is the author or Shakespeare is the author, and then the monkey will considered to be as the agent who will find the user of the entire text. Such type of solutions will have a specific type of difficulties which will have a meaning separate from its agents. The words do not matter but the entire thought behind them matters. This is known as the unique quality of a man to give birth to new creations.Defining plagiarism is not an easy task. Plagiarism is a Latin word which means “kidnapper” or “abductor”. Plagiarism would be referred to as a process of cheating or stealing someone else’s idea or work & make it your own as well as original work. This has been termed to be ethically wrong. The concept of plagiarism can be understood with the help of various definitions mentioned below in the write up. Based upon Howard 2000, there is no fix or a standard definition of the same. The various definitions of plagiarism have been listed as under. According to Hu 2001 & Myers 1998 it has been defined – “to use someone else’s ideas, viewpoints or words in such a manner which lacks credibility”. Based upon Dillon 1998, the term plagiarism has been defined – “proper selection, ordering as well as uttering of the words which have been cited by others”.

In academic front, plagiarism has been referred to as one of the debatable aspects amongst the university students as well. Based upon a research it can be seen that, students who belong to United Kingdom & United States have a different interpretation regarding the same as compared to the students belonging to different countries. The university students have a different outlook regarding the term plagiarism (Roig, 2001). It has been seen that, most of the times the term plagiarism creates high levels of confusion which can be seen in regards to its definition & application.

Based upon the research by Hayes, N & Introna, L n.d, it can be seen that there are several cases over an in-depth understanding of the term plagiarism. Some of the findings have been listed as follows:Chinese: A Chinese student was blamed for plagiarizing & it has been said that rewriting the write up of the author was correct since the author is highly respectable and well known in the industry. This clearly portrays the importance as well as the relevance of authority which originates from a culture where in respect to elders has been emphasized in a great manner (Hayes & Introna, n.d).

Spanish: In Spain, a Spanish student was blamed for plagiarizing but at the same it was claimed that it was a acceptable in case of Spanish academic circles.

African: An African student was charged for plagiarizing but to the shock it was claimed that, the student was just copying the way he is supposed to write a particular assignment. It has been seen that, in Mauritius plagiarism has not been recognized as a wrong doing (Davis, 2007).By reading the above mentioned understanding of the term plagiarism in different countries clearly states that the theory by Hofstede across the various cultures seems to see the world differently having different values which might influence their way of thinking & learning.Turnitin has been referred to as a tool which will help to detect plagiarism within a particular write up. It is online resources which help the students to upload their assignments over it & detect plagiarism. The online plagiarism detector will help to demonstrate the words or databases available over the huge database. The importance of Turnitin can be seen with respect to the citations which are done by the students in their assignments. In the year 2006-2007, it has been demonstrated that this online tool has helped approximately 70% (Fleming, 2011) of the students to cite the citations in the most appropriate manner. This tool has helped to be quite cautious regarding the citations which are being used within the assignments. According to the university students, Turnitin has been referred to as a tool which will make the students more cautious about the citations as well as commit better learning experiences (Carter, 2000).

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