HR Management assignment solution: Resources & Ethics in America

Q.1.) Multiple Choice Questions1) Allocating resources, Informational role

2) Human Relations

3) Organizing

4) Contingency Approach to the Management

5) A growing consumer preference for more Primitive Art

6) Socio –Cultural

7) Low power Distance

8) People –Orientation

9) In strong cultures, organizational values are held by the top management while in weak cultures, values are diffused throughout the organization.

10) Disposable IncomeQ.2.) a) Scientific management perspective

The Scientific management perspective considered as subfield of classical management which focused scientifically to determine the changes in the practices of the management and recommends the solution for improving the productivity (Robbins & Judge, 2008).  This perspective helps in assigning the responsibility of the organization work to the managers as compared to the workers. With the help of this perspective organizations are able to choose the person which suits the job most.  This perspective helps the organization to make sure that specified procedures of work are correctly followed and sufficient results are accomplished. This perspective offers support by managing work assignments and reducing work interruptions. The thoughts of the scientific management which started with Taylor enhanced the productivity throughout all the industries (Schermerhorn & Osborn, 2005). The belief of integrating work related on the careful evaluation of the tasks for greater productivity is highly embedded in the organizations. The Taylor has developed the scientific management theory for careful measurement and specification of the organizational tasks. At last, it can be said that the scientific management perspective explains wider management principles for the company and the conduct of business (George & Jones, 2008). This perspective is very useful to the organization by ensuring that specified work methods are followed accurately and adequate outcomes are achieved.

b) It is viewed that systems thinking considered as the capability to view the things as the whole comprising various kinds of associations among the various components in the complex system. Normally, systems thinking help the individuals who are in problem. Systems thinking would help me to analyze my problems in the current studies (Kidder, 2003). This theory would help me to analyze as the whole and helping me in pointing out my weakness. Poor performance in current studies is happened because of inadequate attention and discipline. This poor performance in current academics can be minimized by giving proper attention and devotion to studies to the fullest extent. The problem with the romantic partner happens because of understanding, different views and physical intimacy (Clawson, 2009) In general, different point of view leads to the problem with the romantic partner and family members. Sometimes, problems occur with the romantic partner because of insecurity and jealousy (Fong & Kleiner, 2004). The problems with the family members occur because of extra care and concern. Nowadays, young individuals do not want excessive care from their parents which ultimately leads to the problem among the family members and the family. At last, it can be said that the system thinking is the theory which helps the individual to analyze all the problems as the whole. For e.g. Systems thinking helps me to figure out the poor performance in the current academic studies.

c) It is viewed that the newspaper editorial opined that all employers should comply with the ordinance to fulfill their social responsibility. Yes, I think the editorial notion of the social responsibility is correct because it aware the employers and labors of the society about the rate of the wages (George & Jones, 2008). Portraying of the CSR in the newspaper is good because newspaper is the mode of the communication which is read by almost every member of the society. On the other side, newspaper is all about spreading the awareness among the people in the society. Revealing the information about the rate of the wages educate the labor and the people in the society about the current amendments in the Labor law. At last, it can be said that the editorial notion of the social responsibility is correct because it informs the labors about the current amendments in the wages of the labor.

Question 3) a)It is very clear that building of the connections with the individuals throughout the world is considered as one aspect of the cultural diversity. Geert Hofstede describes the framework which explains five value perspectives among the national cultures such as power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance and short term vs. long term orientation (Fong& Kleiner, 2004).  Power distance considers the inequality degree which survives between the individuals with and with no any power. It is viewed that high power distance score refers that the community accepts the unequal categorization of people and power and recognizes their position in system. On the other side, low power distance means that the power is well dispersed and shared and members of the society see themselves as equal with no any discrimination. Hofstede national cultural framework helps in managing the workers and subordinates who came from a low power distance culture because it refers the employees and supervisors are equal and try to involve many individuals in the process of the decision making.Uncertainty Avoidance associates to the range of the anxiety that the community members feel in the unknown and uncertain situations (Schermerhorn & Osborn, 2005).   It is viewed that high uncertainty avoidance scoring try to avert the vague situations whenever it is possible. On the other side, low uncertainty avoidance refers the community which feels the value differences and novel events (Griffin & Moorhead, 2007).  Hofstede national cultural framework helps in managing the workers and subordinates who came from the high certainty avoidance culture with the help of policies and rules.  Differences are neglected among the workers and subordinates who came with the high certainty avoidance.  The Hofstede cultural framework helps in providing the detailed plans and concentrates on the tactical features of the project or job. It also helps the individuals to express their emotions with the help of hands, raised voices and gestures.

Q.3.) b) Different types of Decision making

In general there are different types of the decision making such as perfect rationality, bounded rationality and intuition. Rational kind of decision making comprises of structured steps which is designed to form the desired solution (George & Jones, 2008). Rational type of the decision making considered as the common type of the decision making which is learned and taught when individuals want to enhance their decision approach. One of the assumptions of the process of the decision making is that individuals make rational actions. Intuition kind of decision making develops some thinking on how the individuals make decisions. In comparison to the rationality, intuition decision making is least structured and gives more stress on perceptions, judgments and feelings as compared to analysis and facts (Clawson, 2009). When the individual is in the good condition then he always try to make the good decision.

Love at first sight – According to me, Love at first sight comes in the Intuition decision making because intuition decision making is based more on perceptions, judgments and feelings. Love is all about caring, understanding and feeling for someone truly. Generally, love at the first sight is all about attraction towards someone.

Investment Decision – According to me Investment decision such as purchasing a residential flat and investing a huge amount of the money in listed shares of the blue chip company comes in the rational decision making because it contains structured steps to offer the desired solution. It is also viewed that rational decision making is based on facts and figures which help the investors during the evaluation of the proposal (Robbins & Judge, 2008).  Generally, when consumer wants to purchase a residential flat he does a lot of research on locality, prices and surrounding. On the other side, when the investor wants to invest a huge amount of money in listed shares of Blue Chip Company then in that case also, investor does a lot of research on the performance of the Company. At last, it can be said that the investment decision regarding the purchasing of the residential flat comes in the rational decision making because this decision making offers desired solution to the investor.

Question 4

a) It is very clear that the Ethics has obtained the enhanced attention from public sectors, private sectors and academics throughout the previous decades. The greatly publicized incidents such as Enron, World Com and Arthur Anderson have brought businesses ethics to the attention of the public. The current collapse of the financial institution in America such as Lehman Brothers happened because of sub-prime mortgage throughout the world (Bianco & Katalina , 2008).  One of the greatest problems at the Lehman’s was its reward structure and culture. Another problem faced by the Lehman’s was the top leadership. It is viewed that the auditor of the Company was aware about the unethical actions after that he had not taken any action against that which shows that executives at the Company were not being ethical and responsible.

b)One of the greatest problems at the Lehman Brothers was its reward system and culture. The excessive risks taken by the employees made the culture of the Company non adjustable.  Individuals in the organization made questionable deals which were treated as the conquering heroes. Excessive risks were taken by the employees and risks were lauded and rewarded handsomely. For example, Oliver Buddle worked as the counsel at Lehman Brothers for 9 years and was accountable for preparation of the Company’s public filing on the executive compensation. It is very clear that Lehman Brother exceeded its internal limits of the risk and a broad variety of the bad calls by the management of the Company led to the failure of the bank.

c) It is viewed that Lehman’s executives performed a very greater role in the collapse of the Company. It is very clear from the collapse of the Lehman Brothers is executives had made the problems of the Company worse by their behavior that ranged from non-culpable errors of the judgment of the business to the actionable manipulation of the balance sheet. The auditor of the Lehman was informed about the usage of Repo 105 but he never questioned or challenged it. According to the spokesperson of E&Y, the bankruptcy of the Lehman was the outcome of the series of the unprecedented events in the markets (Bookstaber & Richard, 2008). It can be said that the executives were being not responsible and ethical because auditor of the Company was aware about the unethical activity after that he had not taken any action against the usage of the Repo 105.

d) There are few things which need to be done differently at Lehman Brothers to prevent what happened. For example Executives were not responsible and ethical because they were not taking any action against the unethical activity. The management of the Company exceeded its limits of the risk which led to the failure of the Company. Risks could be avoided, if management of the Company would have taken it in the positive manner. Executives at the Company were aware of the problems after that they had not taken any action. This problem could be prevented if employees and executives raised the voice against the obstacles.

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