Essay Writing Assignment help on : Psychological Treatment: The Model

While studying this one may come across many areas that can be related with psychological model. It ranges from Freudian notions to cognitive models. Some of the fundamental observations of psychological model are:

• In this analysis the primary unit is the individual under study
• The major motivating element that drives the behavior of the individual is his personality
• According to social consensus normality can be defined to be general
• Some aspects of criminal behavior address certain needs and may seem to be purposeful
• Abnormal or defective mental process has different variety of causes.

These principles help in establishing basic explanations for the psychology of individual criminal. Operant learning model is used while dealing with a criminal and it follows the process of imprisonment, fine or court sanctions. The Operant model has been based on the utilitarian concept that says that people always focus on maximizing pleasure and minimizes discomfort and pain. All the punishments and sanctions have been made to decrease specific behavior of an individual. A punishment will be effective only if it is applied properly but rarely do we see cases where they are effectively applied. All the punishments have been developed as per the behavioral psychological principles. In cognitive behavioral principles the rehabilitation, retraining, relearning, are basic forms methods are used to control crime. All these educational programs use the cognitive behavior method of teaching proper functional response in place of a dysfunctional one. This program can take place in a prison or outside prison but they have been able to be successful. So we can say that reeducation, retraining, and reentry programs are all based on the psychological model of reform and criminal psychology.

Psychological principles and sociological principles are inter-related and not fully independent. There are various formulations in sociological approach that help in understanding control and cause of criminal behavior. Following points will help us understand sociological formulations better:

• Trying to connect issues related with individual’s criminal behavior with cultural values and social structures.
• How these contradictions between interacting groups affect criminality.
• How these cultures, structures, and contradictions developed with time.
• The change these groups have been going through.
• Criminality will be viewed from society’s point of view and the social causes.

Traditional theories of sociology have proposed that any wrong doing or a crime happens due to anomie i.e. “normlessness.” Sociologists have time and again used this term to specify that criminality comes out when people face lack of opportunity and are not able to meet their aspirations. Individuals that fail to socialize and groups that face the problem of unequal opportunities are more inclined to criminal behavior. Sociological theories have even suggested that criminality is constructed by the society we live in. But there are also crimes that do not affect others in the society and have been named victimless crimes. One of the best ways to sociologically control criminality is to create equal opportunities and obtainment of wealth in those areas where they don’t exist. The sociological controls can originate in Federal level government as well as local governments and the main aim would be to evolve reforms that create opportunities for each and every individual. Sociological policies have always advocated harsh and stronger penalties and it is a well-known fact that crime will not disappear from society even if we bring harder interventions.

Conclusion

There have been many factors defined under criminal psychology and they have always contradicted each other. But while trying to prevent crime sequences one needs to go through all the aspects and get a fair idea of the crime patterns (Karisoosaar.wordpress 2012).

We had a look at all the aspects that are considered to understand the mind of the criminal. The main points that came into light were the social issues and opportunities every person. If we take the example of Henry Hill then we would understand that if government starts educating people at the start then they can come out of the criminal world early. Even if they are not able to come out of this then there should be a good rehabilitation process that can improve the condition of the criminal. The psychological aspects and sociological model mentioned above are very important to develop strong moral values. The model above could prove highly beneficial for people like and helping them move through the process of moral development.

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