A Research Work on Apoptosis and Survivin

1. Summary of the article

This article is devised to have an insight about the role of survivin, a protein of inhibitor of apoptosis family, in fighting the cancer. Apoptosis is a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell number and eliminate cells that threaten the animal’s survival. Survivin is known for its two functions- suppression of apoptosis and regulation of cell division. Recent studies have shown that over-expressed survivin has exhibited a protective action against the drug-induced apoptosis, which in many cases, lead to breast and other types of cancer. The results have further demonstrated that if the movement of survivin is restricted only to nucleus of cells, the impact of chemotherapeutic drug on a cancer patient will be most effective (Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 2006).2. Methods Used in the Article

Four methods are used for this study – Tissue Culture is used to generate the cancer cells in laboratory as the cancer cells have the tendency to divide the other normal cells resulting in the formation of tumor, Sub-cellular Fractionation enables protein localization assessment and protein enrichment from specific cellular compartments, Immunoblotting is used to detect specific proteins in the given sample of tissue homogenate or extract and Over-expression of survivin is employed for its protective actions against cancerous cells (ehow, 2012) .

3. Why the work has been carried-out?

This work has been carried out to find out the synthesis of survivin about its curing power in case of apoptosis. Survivin is found in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cells, and there has been some discussion going around in the biologist’s sphere regarding the usage of its location and separation within the cell. Scientists are mulling over the idea of separating its locations and then supervise its functions, ultimately resulting in its possible use as an indicator of cancer (International Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment, 2009). Survivin’s use is not only limited to cancer but it could also be used in the treatment of leukemia and many other blood related diseases (International Society of Laboratory Hematology, 2012)4. Background Research

Similar research work containing the use of survivin in case of apoptosis is carried out by D. C. Altieri in his paper named ‘Cytokinesis, apoptosis and survivin: Three for tango?(Cell Death and Diffeentiation, 2001) Hugo Caldas et al. also carried out a study on the usage of survivin as an anti-cancer drug in his paper named Survivinand Granzyme B-induced apoptosis, a novel anti-cancer therapy (Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 2006).These research work has later been followed by the activities of Skagias et al and Ibrahim et al with titles as Survivin Expression as a Strong Indicator of Recurrence in Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Predictive Value of Nuclear versus Cytoplasmic Staining and Study of survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) respectively (International Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment, 2012).

5. Further Work

Survivin is known to be highly expressed in most tumor cell types and absent in normal cells, making it a good target for cancer therapy. There are several other members of these inhibitors of apoptosis family like XIAP, c-IAPI & c-IAP2 who may or may not exhibit the same traits as survivin. Research work pertaining to gain an insight about their functions and characteristics must be initiated so that IAP’s usefulness in the treatment of cancer could be proved in the medical world (Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2003).

Writer’s Comments

This essay is a preparatory work which gives me an ample amount of knowledge about a lot of medical artefacts. Cancer, as well know, is a very fatal disease and this essay tells the reader about how to cope up with it. Simultaneously, it discusses a number of curing technique and a possible use of survivin as a cancer-curing agent.

This research work could prove to be a miracle for cancer patients. As doctors worldwide are carrying out medical tests of survivin and developing a drug-formula for it, the medical world is very much hopeful of finding at last a powerful cure of cancer and the other blood related diseases. I’ve given this topic an ample amount of thought for crafting a report which depicts my clear understanding of the survivin and its use in apoptosis and I’m hopeful that survivin will find wider use in the medical world in near future.A lot of researchers have been referenced here who have provided me with the back-ground research about this topic and help me come with my own conclusions. I think I’ve made this essay as authentic as it could possibly be and hopefully, will cover every stipulated criteria of the examiner.

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