Task:
The task is centrifugal to achieving the goal that is outlined for the group. In order to complete the task successfully, a person who acts as the leader should define how the task needs to be performed, what are the aims that should be fulfilled by the group, delegation of work and identifying the right person to do the right job, controlling the functioning of the group and finally monitoring and reporting the progress and reviewing it.
SOLUTION
Blog 1: Theories and Models of Leadership and Management
From the researches, it has been evaluated that there are certain people that are followed by others, for several reasons. When people look at organizing events they look for someone who possess leadership qualities. These are those people who have the talent to let other know what they need to do and in what manner. The images that are associated with leadership mostly have their roots in conflicts (Northouse 2009).
There are people outfit their channels and actions into convincing people and take controls of the crisis situations. This fact is directed to several leaders like, Joan of Arc, Napoleon or Hitler etc. the stories associated wit these leaders reveals that there are also some point of crisis in their life where there actions are vital for the benefit of others. They have a great vision like what can be done and what should be done and have the guts to communicate it to others or their followers. When this kind of people are absent from the scenario, there is a large trouble faced by people (Schyns and Meindl 2006).
The qualities associated with leaders are vital and central to the success and survival of organizations and groups. Four major qualities are there with respect to the leadership qualities, firstly the influencing others behaviour, secondly, the place where there are leaders there followers are also found there, thirdly leaders are seen to initiate and actively participate when there comes any problem or crisis, and fourthly leaders have a great knowledge as what they are do in order to achieve what they want (Northouse 2009).
Leaders are also linked to several professions or roles like the role of managers or experts etc. it is widely said that though all managers can be leaders, but not all leaders are managers. There are mainly four theories related to leadership. These are mainly four main generation theories namely trait theory, behavioural theory, contingency theory and transformational theory (Schyns and Meindl 2006).
- Trait Theory: This theory explains the traits which are expected in the leaders. Trait theory explains that there are several traits that are assumed to be found in the leaders these are pre defined characteristics and are applying in all situations. As per this theory the similar traits will work on all the conditions. There are several researches in order to identify the combination of several traits that might be good for some particular situation or other (Northouse 2009).
- Behavioural Theory: after the several researches on the streams on traits when the researchers run out of traits and factors they focused on the things or behaviours of leaders mainly how they behave in particular situations. They focused on analyzing the tasks like the leaders concern for tasks, concern for people, the directive leadership, the participative leadership and so on (Schyns and Meindl 2006).
- Situational Theory: researchers after focussing on the behaviours and learning the contexts in which the leadership has been exercised them turned their focus on the application of leadership qualities, which changes from situation to situation. Some researchers analyzed the processes under which the leaders have emerged under different circumstances, leaders and views look at each other and so on. This also varies from leadership styles and leaders control and influence over its followers (Northouse 2009).
- Transformational Leadership: this theory states that this kind of leaders are visionary who aims their followers to be of better nature and bring them forward towards higher and universal purposes and needs. This includes the transformation of an ordinary individual to an extraordinary person in the form of leadership like charismatic leadership and so on (Northouse 2009).
All these leadership theories can be applied in the organizational context. These leadership theories and their application are vital to understand in order to apply them in the organizational context.
Blog 2: Change and resistance to change
Change is the virtue of life. Some people resists to change and some actively participate in bringing in the changes. A little leadership by the management or managers can manage the resistance to change applied in the organizations. The organizations are changing with the rapid pace all around the world whether the employees want it or not. For this purpose to analyze the factors associated with change a case study has been analyzed in which the organization management is planning to change the manual operations systems into a computerized system (Kuriger 2004).
The management faced a resistance to change in the system from the employees of the organization. For the purpose of handling the change, the managers have applied several theories of leadership to handle the change. Analyzing this seems to be the transformational change in the working activities of the employees. The managers used the leadership qualities like the participative leadership and behavioural theory in order to analyze the main reasons for their resistance for the change; this provided the managers with the facts related to the resistance (Sypher 1997).
The managers provided the employees with the benefits, of the proposed change and knowledge enhancement and training they will be provided for the change. The managers also helped the employees to convince for the proposed change as this will help the employees in performing their duties with accuracy and also perform their tasks in an easy and accurate manner (Sypher 1997).
From the above case, it has been analyzed that there are several reasons fro the resistance to change from the employees this includes mainly the unawareness of the employees the main reason to change, when the management has not discussed the change to employees and employees are unaware about the changes and its benefits.
Analysis of leaders in global business
Blog 3: Analysis of leaders in global business
Most of the surveys discusses about the world’s top innovative companies like Apple, Google, Virgin, or Microsoft that tops the rank because of their emblematic leaders. Larry Page, Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Sergey Brin, and Richard Branson are the top leaders in the dominion of global business. Their names and accolades are in the news and has been flooded over the internet, radio, television, and print media for carving the niche in different areas of activities. According to the Warren Bennis, who is the founder of leadership instate located in University of South California has defined “Managers conduct thing right, but leaders do the right thing”.
As per Bobinski (2004), leadership is all about doing right things and deciding the best course of actions. The author has focused over taking the right course of actions and states that act of management then next followed by the act of leadership. Most of the thoughts of school believe that leaders are born while other believes that they are made (Bobinski 2004). Leadership theorist believes that leaders are born, on the other hand behavioural theorist’s believes that leaders can be made by providing them proper training. The blog includes the qualities and leadership style of two prominent leaders which are: Sergey Brain and Larry Page of Google and Bill Gates of Microsoft. These three leaders are revolutionaries within their respective industries, as they have changed the perception of each individual how they see the world and have brought technological revolution in the world. These leaders have delivered the world’s best product and services to the customer and amassing wealth for themselves.
All three leaders are from the same industry which is computer science, and it is easy to draw parallels between them. The author Bel (2010) has described that innovative leader is someone who ahs the ability to identify the opportunities and tries hard to develop them. The role of an innovative leader entails inspiration drawn from generation of vision, strategy and ideas along with the purpose of constructing the structure of organization that demonstrates a flexible culture. These leaders build world class businesses, both the iconic leaders had a vision within them to make things happen and they did that by producing the organization system and even inspire the workers to believe in that system. Bill’s motto was “one PC for every desk” (Bel 2010) and he make that vision into reality. There are many other leaders that drive the innovation that includes Jeff Bezos of Amazon, John Chambers of Cisco, and Robert Noyce of Intel.
Blog 4: Ethical relationships between leaders and their teams
Ethical leadership is defined as the display of normatively relevant conduct through interpersonal relationships and personal actions along with the promotion of such conduct to the followers through the help of two way communication, decision-making, and reinforcement. Ethical leader behaviour can even have a positive effect on both the organization effectiveness, and individual. Ethical leadership definition rest on the behaviour of leader’s without due regard to attributes and personal traits in connection with actual behaviour. According to Brown and Mitchell (2010) research supports the facts that states that employees conform to the values related to ethics of their leaders (Brown and Mitchell 2010).
Leaders often use different means for rewarding the systems in order to motivate their employees while communicating their values to them. Employees also depend on leaders in different situational ethical problems. Ethical leaders are the role model for the workers because they are the one who occupy the powerful and visible positions in the hierarchy of organization that allow tem to capture the attention of their followers. Ethics play a crucial role in relationship between the teams and leaders. Behaviour of ethical leader can have positive effects on the organization and individual, this type of behaviour is characterized in three components such as, power sharing, role clarification, and fairness (Kalshoven, Den Hartog and De Hoogh 2011).
Power sharing element allows employees to share and empower in the process of decision making that increases the productivity. Role clarification entails the leaders by giving them clarity on a subordinate’s responsibility in an open environment, and fairness entails trust, honesty and makes responsible for one’s actions. In real life, it is challenging for the leaders to conform the standards of ethics at all times. According to the study of Institute of leadership and management less than 2/5th CEO’s place the ethics at the heart of their business, and it is imperative for the workers to challenge their leaders on the basis of ethics (Let’s challenge leaders on ethics 2011).
Blog 5: The benefits of studying leadership
There are several advantages of learning leadership as this helps in understanding the several theories and concepts associated with leadership and also how leaders work and perform their duties and responsibilities and lead the people and individuals. Leadership can be decentralized between various roles or it can be centralized in one person. Organizations vary in different leadership types, leader’s selection, and delegation of leadership powers.
According to Gardner (1995) there are four arsons for studying the leadership which are: rapid pace of society that demands creative leadership, and even lead to the increase in complexity, leadership can also legitimizes the authority, leadership is an intangible asset that leads to competitive advantage, and provide power and privilege of elites (Gardner 1995). To be a leader, it is important that one should be inspirational to their followers. Therefore, it is significant for the leader to appeal to the people to attract towards him and follow their cause. According to George Jones, Borders Group Inc, President and CEO one can have the best strategies as the leader, but if you are not surrounded by the right people it cannot happen. The transformation can only begin from top to the bottom, from where everyone understands the vision. Through this way, charismatic leader can bring improvement in individual and organizational performance.
Charismatic leader provides energy and even build the zeal of work and motivate others to achieve it. Margaret Thatcher’s style of leadership is the adored by the charismatic leader’s model. This leadership style has the sense of imagination, unfailing focus, engagement, dedication, and ability to achieve the tangible results, that why it is recognized by many organizations’ for improving leadership. Thatcher style of leadership excludes the confidence in the public domain, which is the quality. Through studying leadership, a person can be discipline, and can identify which specific leadership form or the style is predominant. Through the knowledge, of leadership one can easily position itself to function more appropriately and in a relevant manner along with effectively in coordination with the top leaders in the organization through adjusting to the demands of the leadership. Through this manner, a person can easily identify people having leadership and can easily serve as the role model, coaches, or mentors for developing the leadership potential.
Thatcher’s style of leadership is helpful in understanding the leader’s role in the global business environment. In today time, real leadership in global business needs to success backed through the purpose, vision, goal, and strategy that are based on the decisions, actions, and wisdom. Leadership also requires synergy through the partnership with other people, along with inspiration and readiness for bearing the risks. In addition to this leader should try to identify the self strength, weaknesses, as well as their talent. For developing the leadership skills, it is important to endeavour to build on people’s skills, listen to others opinion and have self confidence to adjust according to the situations. Leaders should also take the initiative to broaden their spectrum of knowledge and even expand their influence through the help of opportunities that they avail.
References
‘Let’s challenge leaders on ethics’. 2011. Coaching At Work. 6(6), pp. 9.
Bel, R. 2010. ‘Leadership and innovation: Learning from the best’. Global Business & Organizational Excellence. 29(2), pp. 47-60.
Bobinski, D. 2004. The difference between management & leadership. [online]. Available at
http://www.uk.sagepub.com/upm-data/15686_02_Jackson_&_Parry_Ch_01.pdf [Accessed on: 6 June 2012].
Brown, M, and Mitchell, M. 2010. ‘Ethical and Unethical Leadership: Exploring New Avenues
for Future Research’. Business Ethics Quarterly. 20( 4), pp. pp. 583-616.
Gardner, H. 1995. Leading Minds: Why Studying leadership matters. [Online]. Available at:
http://www.management-issues.com/2006/5/25/opinion/the-difference-between-management-leadership.asp [Accessed on: 6 June 2012]
Kalshoven, K, Den Hartog, D, and De Hoogh, A. 2011. ‘Ethical Leader Behaviour and Big Five
Factors of Personality’. Journal of Business Ethics. 100( 2), pp. 349-366.
Kuriger, C.C. 2004. Organizational Change: Case Studies in the Real World. Universal-Publishers.
Northouse, P.G. 2009. Leadership: Theory and Practice. SAGE.
Schyns, B. and Meindl, J.R. 2006. Implicit Leadership Theories: Essays And Explorations. IAP.
Sypher, B.D. 1997. Case Studies in Organizational Communication 2: Perspectives on Contemporary Work Life. Guilford Press.
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