Psychology assignment on: Cognitive development

Cognitive development of child:The growing stages of a child are not only special from the point of view of physical growth but also from mental growth point of view. The cognitive development is associated with different activities related to mental growth of a child such as memory, thinking and problem solving. The cognitive development occurring at the age of 7 to 11 years is taken as the strong and concrete stage for operations. The operation here is referred to both mental and physical activities  that does not takes place only in one way rather takes place in more than one way.  The thinking and analyzing ability of the children at the concrete operational age changes significantly, the overall cognitive development of child is the response of the child with the surrounding environment which is accomplished in two step one is assimilation and the second is accommodation. Assimilation is the blending of new ideas and structure with that which is already present and accommodation is change of the existing structure in order to accommodate the new structure. Several factors that influence the cognitive development of a child are as follows:Availability of the opportunity to incorporate and practice new structure.

• Neurological development and maturation that helps the children to understand the new experience and to implement them (Science Daily, 2008).
• The inbuilt psychological mechanisms also help the children to understand the complex cognitive models based on their experience and understanding.
• The first stage is trust and mistrust – This occurs from the time of birth till one year when child tries to identify the person on whom it can trust and on whom it cannot trust.  The trust develops due to several factors and is mostly dependent upon the behavior that the child gets from the caregivers (Wallon, 2001).
• The second stage autonomy and shame and doubt – This stage comes in the early childhood days when where a sense of responsibility and control develop in the child. This stage is very crucial and the one who successfully come across this stage have a feeling of secure and confidence.In the entire years of growing a child comes across different kind of experiences that are pleasant, unpleasant and sometime horrible. The loss of the parents is one of the most horrible and elemental loss for a child. A child in its early stage cannot understand the concept of death and grieve the loss along with confusion, complexity and anxiety. The children at this stage are never directly informed regarding death of their parents or what does that means they are simply told that their parents are not here and have gone far away (Wallon, 2001). The loss of the parents at the age of growing and development greatly influences the child psychology and all its activities and response are based on the way the child adapts to the loss. If the proper cognitive development of a child can be evaluated then it becomes easy for the caregiver to understand that in what ways the child can be informed regarding the death of its parents and can also help the child by guiding the child through the entire stage of grievance and pain.

The grief and the development at the childhood are both dependent upon each other. It is for sure that the early death of parents greatly affects the child in almost all the aspects. The recovery from the grief and building new relationship with other people is all dependent upon the way the child reacts to the situation. This can be done by one method that is the dead parents are taken as a lost piece which the child has to reconstruct in its every stage of life in future, the child have to go to the past and reconstruct the future with the lost piece (Science Daily, 2008). As the child grows many changes takes place and the relationship of the child with the dead parents also changes although the loss of the parent at the stage of the infancy especially if the parents were the primary caregiver then this greatly affects the trust and other feelings of the child this lead to several other problems such as the child found itself unable to connect emotionally to other people or to connect with other people in terms of trust.

Conclusion:From one stage to another the development of the child’s psychology shows that although many complexity factors are present in the and certain contrast appears but there is always present a specific unity and inter relations between each stage that is a incident  occurring at one stage of life also impacts the later stages of the life. In the case of death of parents at the early stages of a child the responsibility lies on the caregivers to monitor and evaluate the fluctuation in the feelings of the child and the pain and grief through which child passes (Jeanne & Mcdevitt, 2009). A specific mechanism should be followed by the parental caregivers to take care the developmental stages of these children so that child does not suffer from any further bad experience that will ruin the entire life of the child.

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