Politics Assignment Help Online: Social movement and policy – Australian civil society
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Write a report on Social movement and policy of Australia??
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Introduction
In existing scenario, issue of cross boarder migration has been emerged quite significantly for nations across the globe. In the problem of increasing flow of people across state border have sighted quite prominently in the context of developed country, where there is sufficient opportunities for getting some intensive employment and better living conditions. Migration of people in large numbers, whether it is legal or illegal creates problems for the country, in which people are migrating. There are a number of different social, economic and political issues faced by the country due to such type of cross broader migration of people within the country (Esses, Dovidio and Dion 1991).
In context to this, the essay aims to shed some crucial lights over different problems faced by a governments and social policy makers of a country to handle such heavy flow of people through state boarder, and formulate different crucial social policies for their own societies. When an outsider community comes within the native society and gets mixed with it, it becomes quite hard for the policy makers of the country to ensure the distribution of maximum advantage of different important and effective social policies of the organization. This problem is imperially highlighted within the paperwork. In addition to this, the paper is also highlighted some crucial measures for resolving the problems of social policies makers in formulating some effective policies for the betterment of native societies, which have been emerged as one of the major problems in front of international community.
Cross border migration and problems
Cross border Migration can be understood as the process in which people of one country or state gets relocated themselves to another nearby nation. There can be a number of different reasons, such as instable political conditions, strict rules and regulation, low employment opportunities, high inflation rate, and low life expectancy rate, which drives a mass migration of people from one state to another. From the perspective of people, who are facing problems in one country, cross border migration can be a good option as this provides some intensive solution of different problems faced by people. In the expectancy of getting better life style and good opportunities of living, people prefer to migrate to better and developed places (LeMay 2007).
In contrast to this, from the perspective of the country or states, the migration at high level can be proved quite problematic aspects. It is due to the reason, that population, which has been migrated to the country also required resources such as land, water and other social requirements. As such resources for the country are quite limited in quantity; it becomes quite hard for government to accomplish all the requirements of migrated people. From the perspective of political and social development of the country also, the increasing flow of people across state borders is one of the major issues (Mooney, Knox and Schacht 2012). There are a number of different countries, which have faced or are facing the problem of increasing immigration of people from other countries. For instance, in economic booms of in the US during 1990s, the economic boom has attracted an intensive amount of immigrants from Canada, Mexico, African and Asian countries, which has created some critical issues within policy infrastructure of the country. The similar kind of problem has also been faced by European Union in the early 2000s after integration, when liberalization in state border migration rules and regulations enhanced the flow of people in different countries of the Union. These instances of high level of immigration in EU and North America led to different political and social problems regarding terrorism and organized crime with such countries or region (Igartua 2006).
Social and political issues due to cross boarder migration
In existing scenario, increasing flow of people across state borders is an increasingly controversial and complex issue for countries. From the perspective of political and social disposition of the country, high flow of immigration can create a serious matter of concern for the government of the country. There are a number of different social and political issues which prove immigration as a sustainable problem for the country
The first and foremost issue for the country is related with its political relationship with other country. Illegal immigration of people leads the government of country to take some intensive and effective regulatory steps against immigrants from other countries. They have to make the immigration process within the country tough so that level of immigration can be regulated. However, such strict actions undertaken by the government sometimes makes its relationship with the neighboring countries or state quite bitter (Ellwood 2004). One of the prominent examples of this problem can be seen in the context of Arizona, a prominent state of the USA. The regulating authorities of the state were facing some critical problems of illegal immigration from neighboring states, i.e. Texas and California. For the purpose of addressing this problem of illegal immigration, the regulatory authorities of the state have passed Arizona’s illegal immigration law in the year 2010. This law has tightened up the border security and patrolling activities in its Texas and California related border areas. Although this activities have quite effective in reducing the level of immigration within the state, but it has created some political tensions with its neighboring states, which is not positive from the perspective of social and political development of the state in the region (Kane and Johnson 2012).
Along with this, in the context of social disposition of the country also, high level immigration can be proved quite critical issue for the country. It is due to the region, immigrants from foreign countries bring their own culture and social norms to the country, which can be proved quite harmful for the sovereignty and unique cultural identity of the country. From the long term orientation and sustainability of the country, there is a need of preserving some unique social and cultural norms of the country. In direction to this, the blend of cultural and social norms of immigrants with domestic cultural value leads to prepare a fusion, which is not in the favor of the cultural values of the country. For instance, the illegal immigration of European and Asian people in South African countries has resulted into the modification in the unique culture and language of South Africa. These modifications have led to change in the social practices of the country (Segatti 2011).
Along with this, another important social issue related issue faced by the country due to increasing flow of people across the border is quite related with effective distribution of different applications of social utilities such as transportation, healthcare, study and many others. High immigration rate prevailing within the country leads to put some additional pressure over such utilities, which restricts benefits availed by validate citizens of the country. The government of the country designs different social utilities applications for their citizen according to their needs and demands. In this context, unexpected increase in the population due to high immigration also affects the adequate supply of social utilities. These phenomena can be easily monitored in the case of Australia. Although, Australia is a small country in terms of population, but the life style, economic conditions, standards of living and industrial growth of country is so high that it attracts immigrants in the country quite intensively. The average intake of immigrants within the country is between 70,000 and 180,000. Moreover, it is expected that by 2050, the population of the country will be around 50 million. In this way, over ratio of immigrant in the country with domestic population is quite high, which enhances the pressure over different types of social utilities and leads to inadequate distribution of such social facilities to local residence (Mass immigration kills Aussie culture, says demographer Bob Birrell. 2012 (Mass immigration kills Aussie culture, says demographer Birrell 2012). It is quite unfair to local people who pay taxes to the government to avail such services and utilities.
On the basis of this entire discussion, some critical political and social issues associated with irregular and significant amount of the immigrations, which can produce some crucial problems in front of policy makers of the country in constructing some crucial and effective social policies for betterment of the society.
Problems faced by the social policy makers
Due to a number of different critical impacts of high rate of immigrations within the country, social policy makers within the country have to face some critical problems listed as below:
(1) The first and foremost problem associated with immigration is huge drain of essential resources, such as food, water and land. In the case of huge immigration within the country, the consumption of such essential resources increases suddenly. In this case, it becomes quite hard for government and social policy makers to manage such limited resources so that availability of such essential resources to every resident can be ensured in the most effective manner. For business organizations, it becomes quite hard for social policy makers to set some specific policies (Leon-Guerrero 2010).
(2) In the case of fulfilling all the essential requirements of domestic as well as immigrant population regarding public utilities such as road, electricity, housing, water, health, and so on, social policy makers are needed to expand such specific facilities. This infrastructure development requires the investment of some significant amount of money and time, which is a problematic aspect of policy formulation for social policy makers. Along with this, distribution of allocated fund in the way that local residents can avail maximum advantages of such public facilities, is also a problematic aspect for social policy makers of the countries (CELADE (Organization) and División de Población. 2001).
(3) Another critical problem due to high level of immigration within the country for policy makers is the increasing social disequilibrium in terms of income distribution. The prime reason behind increasing flow of people across the border is availability of better job opportunities. The population immigrated within the country for employment creates gap between rich and poor classes of the society. From the perspective of social policies of government for reducing this gap, this high level immigration leads to create some critical problem for the government of the country.
(4) Moreover, the high inflow of foreign immigrants within the country also lead to reduce the peace of the society of the country. As there are some significant differences between cultural norms of immigrant society and that of domestic society, there can be some critical conflicts between these two different societies. From the perspective of long term success and sustainability of the society of country, such type of conflicts and issues can be proved quite problematic. Social policy makers are needed to pay some intensive attention for resolving such conflicts and make the society peaceful. This is an additional responsibility for social policy makers of the country. Coping up with such critical situation is one of the most critical problems faced by social policy makers of the host country (Scheffer 2011).
(5) Along with this, increasing crime rate and terrorism within the country is also a critical problem faced by government or apex authorities of the country due to increasing rate of immigration. Immigration also contributes in enhancing population and poverty within the country which can direct to enhance illegal and criminal activities within the country. This will be quite problematic social issues for policy makers of the country ((Leon-Guerrero 2010).
These are some of the prime problematic aspects for social policy makers of the country, which are needed to be addressed quite intensely.
Conclusion
On the basis of review of entire findings of the paper, it can be concluded that increasing inflow of immigrants within the country is one of the most critical issues in front of the government and social policy makers within the country. The cross border migration can lead to present a number of different critical issues related with social and political disposition of the organization. In direction to this, the paper has revealed that from the perspective of sustainable growth of the society of a country, an effective control over number of immigrants within the country is one of the prime tasks for the regulatory and administrative bodies of the country. It is due to the reason that increasing number of immigrants enhances problems for social policies makers in formulating effective policies for society.
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