Marketing Managment Assignment help on : Research Proposal: Public sector leadership vs. Private Sector
Literature review
Literature review method is used within this research work for the purpose of collecting some intensive secondary information related with the research context. In this method, different books, journal articles, research papers and other literary sources are reviewed in order to retrieve some theoretical and conceptual information related to the topic. Review of literatures is being provided as below:
Nutt (2005) has researched about differences in leadership practices undertaken within public and private sector. As per the author, for the public sector leader, sometimes it becomes quite turbulent, interrupted and recycled to make decisions. Unlike the private sector business organization, in the public sector organization, all the activities are needed to be accomplished under the norms of pre-specified disclosure. There are a number of legislative obligations that are constraints for public leaders for spending money and collecting information required for decision making. Whereas in private sectors, a leader has more power and authority which makes decision making easier for him.
Sims and Quatro (2005) have identified that leadership in public sector is considered as the most effective business strategy for coping up with different difficult business circumstances. In other words, the individual decisions are favored for resolving various critical issues. Whereas during difficult times, a collective approach of leadership is preferred, in which, the solution of the problem is found by collective bargaining.
Van Der Wal, De Graaf and Lasthuizen (2008) have identified that attitude of the leader to risk taking is also one of the major factors on the basis of which, leadership in public sector and private sector can be differentiated. As per the views of the author, the attitude of private sector leaders is quite positive towards undertaking risk for the purpose of achieving long term growth and sustainability in the market. In private sector business organizations, risk taking is considered as one of the most essential quality of the leader, and risk management as an essential part of strategy and planning. There can be some important factors behind high risk taking decisions of private sector leaders such as high degree of competition, lack of distributed control, and lack of accountability. On the flip side, public sectors leaders due to highly organized and structured management, strict hierarchal roles and accountabilities, and lack of individual powers and authorities, they lack the tendency to take risky decisions.
Leading the discussion further, Rainey and Bozeman (2000) have stated that autocratic leadership style is the most commonly preferred leadership style followed within the private business sector. As per the author, in private sector, all the power and authorities are confined to very few or within the team leader, which provides a wide scope to the leader to undertake freestyle and autocratic approach for undertaking management related decisions. Authors have also elaborated further in public sector business organizations, participative leadership style is the most preferred leadership approach undertaken by leaders. As per the author, existence of distributed authorities is one of the most crucial characteristics of the public sector business organizations. According to which, generally participative leadership is followed in public sector organizations.
Bowerman, and Van Wart (2011) have specified that along with several dissimilarities between leadership in public and private sectors, there are some similarities in the leadership style that is followed between these two sectors. For instance, the author has highlighted the objective of leadership in public and private sectors. As per the author, both the sectors are sharing a similar objective of leadership which is related with the betterment and long term success of the organization. In the views of the author, leaders in both the sectors generally remain quite attentive for utilizing its limited resources in the most effective manner, so that prime objectives of the organization can be accomplished effectively.
These are some prominent proposed literatures, which will be included within the research work for the purpose of retrieving some related information.
Research Questions
Research question is the main section of the research work as it provides the right direction to the research. The main research question for this research is the following:
Is public sector leadership is different from private sector leadership or not?
To support this question, some sub questions are framed under the following points:
- What are the similarities in the leadership practices followed in public sector and private sector?
- What are the differences in the leadership practices followed in public sector and private sector?
- Whether leadership practices in both sector have any similarities and dependency over each other or not?
All these research questions are quite relevant and descriptive to cover all aspects of the research study in order to address the related problem to a good level.
Aims and Objectives
The main aim of the research project is to explore the leadership practices in both public and private sector. With this study the research will be able to find out, if the leadership practices in public sector are any different from that of private sector. For attaining this aim, the research will have deep insight into the leadership practices of both sectors in order to find out the basic concepts of leadership followed in these two organizations. With this objective several hidden aspects related to the leadership practices in different sectors will be explored in a significant manner, as well as the deficiencies in the leadership practices in any of these sectors will also be acknowledged. In connotation to the aim of this research the objectives are also framed under following points:
- To explore the leadership practices followed in the public sector
- To explore the leadership practices followed in the private sector
- To examine the basic similarities in the leadership practices in both private and public sector organizations
- To find out major differences of leadership practices of public sector from that of private sector
- To investigate the reasons that are responsible for such kind of differentiation in both the leadership practices
- To explore deficiencies in the leadership practices so that new measures can be proposed to the leaders of these sector to improve their practices to a good level
All these objectives are quite relevant and supportive to address the main research subject and research question. The data collection would be done in accordance with these objectives so that all aspects of the research can be covered in a good manner.
Research Methods and Procedures
In the research, it is essential to follow specific research methodology in order to collect appropriate data for addressing the research question in a good way. There is a range of research methods available in the research methodology framework. The selection of the appropriate research method is done according to the nature of the research itself and the subject that has been undertaken for study purposes. In the following research, an inductive approach will be used. This is because, it is essential to find out specific information about leadership practices followed in public and private sector organizations. From these information some generalized results will be explored. The inductive research approach will be quite suitable for this research as it provides the opportunity to have personal insight into the research problem to reach the results from personal viewpoint (Peffers, Tuunanen, Rothenberger and Chatterjee 2007). In line with the inductive approach, exploratory research design will be followed in the following research. The inductive research approach and the exploratory research design will support each other in a coordinated manner. Exploratory research design will be proved appropriate for data collection in this research as the research topic is quite sensitive and there is a good scope for having ample investigation on this subject. Under the exploratory research design, experience survey and literature survey method will be used in the following research for the data collection purpose (Goddard and Melville 2004). The data collection through experience survey will be done with the help of primary data collection method, i.e. interview. On the other hand the literature survey will be conducted through having exploration of a range of secondary data collection sources such as academic books and scholarly articles. The analysis of the data will be done with the help of a specific research strategy. For such purpose qualitative research strategy will be most suitable for this research (Ethridge 2004). The qualitative research strategy will assist to analyze both primary and secondary data in descriptive and detailed form. With the help of qualitative research all aspects of the research subject would be explored in a significant way (Holloway 1997). In this way the following research methodology will help the researcher to get the detailed data related to the subject of difference between leadership practices in both public and private sector. The results of the research will be quite helpful to demonstrate the basic difference and similarities in the private and public sector leadership.
Contribution of the research work to knowledge and understanding in the field:
The presented research work will be proved quite fundamental and informative in the context of the existing business environment. The outcome of the research work will highlight some essential differences between leadership practices undertaken in public sector and private sector. This information can be proved quite helpful for business organizations, which are working to redesign their leadership strategies and styles. This will also be important for the management of such business organizations to be compatible with the changing conditions of business environment.
That being said, the presented research will also be quite helpful in imparting some intensive and related information regarding leadership practices and tactics in public and private sectors, which will lead to fill the knowledge gap in the related field. Nowadays, there are few researches available which are aimed to highlight differences in public and private sectors in terms of leadership. In this context, this research should be highly contributing and effective in communicating thorough knowledge of the research area.
Moreover, this research will also be proved quite effective and useful for students and scholars, who are investigating the impact of organizational culture and structure over approach, attitude and perception of the leader. In this study an empirical study of the phenomena (i.e. leadership in Public and Private Business domains) is attempted, which can be proved quite helpful in enhancing the knowledge about this topic.
Conclusion
To conclude, leadership is an embedded and inherent phenomenon in all sorts of organizations. In the field of leadership, this research study will contribute in adding and combining information on the existing stock of knowledge and will hopefully contribute to highlight the best practices and extract new strategies of leadership for both the sectors.
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