QUESTION
Public Relations Assignment
Deliver an ANALYSIS based on the practice of public relations in China and Japan.

Notes
o Assessment can be presented in dot points.
o Contain reference list.
o No words limit.

Marking criteria
o Structure and appropriateness of content
o Depth of understanding of public relations in an international context
o Evidence of broad and skilful research
o Correct use of Harvard style referencing

Task
Nations: China and Japan
1. Use the 5 elements below to analysis the similarities and differences between China and Japan may impact on Public Relations practice,
each element requires minimum 2 points for each country.
• Politics and population
• Economics
• Media
• Activism
• Culture and language

2. Cover the theories below :
• Low and high Context, culture – Hofstede journal.
• Traditional and Latest changes in the country which affected the practice of public relations.
• Ethics of public relations.
• Reputation of a country.
• International boundaries.

3. Use scholarly literature that has been completed into a specific PR issue within China and Japan to support all the arguments an analysis.

4. Recommendation for a better future of public relations industry in China only.

5. Any related industry association or institute of Public Relations, major organisations in China. (Yes/No) – no introduction needed. For example, Public Relations institute of Australia http://www.pria.com.au/

SOLUTION

Depth of understanding of public relations in an international context

Public relation is a continuous process which helps and plays very critical role in shaping the international political affairs and business. Public relation shows different path to the countries through countries build their positive image in all around the world, resolve the intra and inter conflicts or war, help to the organizations to work effectively, increase overall business, provide opportunities to use maximum resources and their utilization in terms of more business opportunities and market, minimize the cost and increase the benefits.

Public relation removes the barriers, gaps between two or more countries and provides maximum opportunities to come with ideas to move towards growth and achieve the overall benefits for the people, for the country and for the world.

Continuous innovation in the technology and medium of communication affect the whole communication process means: People, ideas, products and services are moving and sharing globally with effectively and efficiently in today which is increasing the contact and worldwide relation.

To make contact is a first step of international communication. Advanced and new tech world provide a new era to the whole world in today people can go anywhere and communicate from any place very easily.

China and Japan

1)     Politics and population: politics and population are such terms which are used in almost each country. Firstly discussing about similarities in both the countries in terms of politics and population so there are few below points:

In both the countries, China and Japan, there is large population because Japan has more than 127 million people in the country whereas china population rate is about 1.3 billion; high poverty exists in this country. Both the country has fast growing economy. There are educated people who exist in the country but they are jobless because the economy is not good, it’s reducing the talent, the demand of the people what they really deserves. The birth rate in Japan is increasing day by day which is a major cause of population. The labor in the country are busy in agriculture business through which Japan faces lot of problems such as pollution and crowd. In China, the rich people are getting more rich and poor becoming poorer so in both the countries, there are high similarities in terms of poverty, in terms of income as well as in terms of population which affect the public relation.

When discussing about differences, these two countries possess cultural differences and the population of China is 10 times that of Japan’s.

The Japan history died down as the country fell into a long recession. But when compare with China, its politics mix with its strength for growth. China has high growth and development techniques whereas Japan lacks in this model. China is also attached with foreign investment when compared to Japan. The Chinese currency also has great importance as that of Japan. This affects the public relations.

2)     Economics: China’s economic growth rate is increasing day by day which also helps the standard of living of the country men. Apart from the economy, there is also an increase in the requirement of natural resources such as water land resources known as energy and so on. China leads to the global change which made the country deal with various problems such as ozone depletion acid rain and so on. On the other hand, China is causing greater cause in the environment. This gives birth to cancer and other major diseases such as kidney and other diseases. This causes health loss as well as productivity. The poor water conservation efforts and poor waste water facilities affect the public relations. In Japan, the people are very much aware about the different culture where they apply different tools and techniques to focus on different areas. They greet the public with different styles that are well known and well understood by them. They focus on maintaining the public relations which helps them in dealing the most important deals. They also believe in long practice as well as rich and high traditions. Thus the public relations are well developed in Japan when compare to China in terms of economics.

3)     Media: Japan is a very well known and professionalized in terms of media and public relations. This is the main focus and the primary goal of the country. The country assists more than 100 million people of the country. The company believes in advertisement to sell its product with proper information and the country gain lot of benefits through this strategy as the company also sells its journals and research worldwide through Wall street journal. China on the other hand also produces an outstanding business through the consumer market and leads to a global change. China provides great opportunity where global market pay attention to the business which helps to maintain the public relations and this is a similarity in both the country. The media industry in China is not so old and is given to the most energetic as well as enthusiastic people who are dealing with young age. Various types of training and approaches are related to China media relations who are provided to the people for entertaining. But there is one difference that China pays very less to its employees who are posing such a powerful and responsible designation like journalists and researchers which sometimes affect the part of quality.

4)     Activism: Activists in China gets equal punishment if they do not follow the rules. On the other hand, the country Japan deals with all the challenges to maintain the life of the society.

5)     Culture and language: China has a diversifying climatic conditions, the country has great wall which helps the country to protect the country against different attacks. The country has different species of animals such as great panda, tiger, golden monkey giant panda and many more that are the funds of the country. The country is highly populated and thus possesses great culture. The country also consists of several thousand characters in their daily lives for writing, photography, pictures and so on. Dragon is the major symbol of the country. In terms of marriages, there are parents who arrange marriages. This is a kind of strong culture associated in the country. They believe in honesty and in obeying their elders which is a sign of great culture. Japan on the other hand focuses on increasing their popularity through its culture and language to other countries which helps to maintain the public relations in a well approach.

Evidence of broad and skilful research

This study consist number of past research, data which clearly define public relation, international public relation, affect of public relation, affect of international public relation over the world (many countries) and specifically focus on Japan and China. The referencing part consists and state about the secondary sources and evidence for the above discussed contents. Apart from some data or content there is the personal observation that has been taken from the conclusion of secondary information.

PR issue within China and Japan

China and Japan both are in technology related field where both are producing technology products but both the countries are competing with each other. They are the competitors of themselves. These countries don’t possess high resources and great technologies. Japan on one side produces high tools and techniques, China on the same side produces high manpower who are ready to work on low cost so the issues are resources, the issues are population and also the issues are techniques and advancement.

Recommendation for a better future of public relations industry in China

To build the public relations, they have to build the business together; they have to tie up the business together and have to maintain the good relationship with each other in a professional manner which will help them in achieving high profits as well as productivity. In this way they can create high profit, reduce the cost and increase the market share. China has high on population so Japan can use manpower from china. Japan should hire Chinese people which will broad their market if they will share their resources, the conflicts will reduce. They will be able to develop high growth. China can also increase their capability through the help of Japan because Japanese technology work in six sigma technique which will help Chinese in manufacturing with six sigma as well as in just in time techniques. Japan will get advantage in business through manpower through human resources and support and china can increase the technology and new techniques through the help of Japan. These strategies will help both the countries in marinating the public relations as well as international public relations.

Major organizations

There are two institutes focusing on public relations:

For china, Student International Coalition which is located in Eastern Asia that is China focuses on public relations.

Public relations society of Japan is also one of the most developed institute which helps to maintain the public relations.

These are the above mentioned two public relation institutes who are taking care of china and Japan and these institutes are the major organizations in China. These institute focus on public relations and concentrate upon overall growth of the economy and it also helps to maintain the development, productivity as well as profitability.

Reference

Bnull R. (2005). Big differences between China and Japan. China daily. Available from <http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-08/22/content_471137.htm>

Bloomberg news. (2010). China overtakes Japan as World’s second biggest economy. Tricky comparison. Available from <http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-08-16/china-economy-passes-japan-s-in-second-quarter-capping-three-decade-rise.html>

Branigan T. (2011). Chinese internet activist Wang Lihong goes on trial. Woman arrested in crackdown on rights movement faces up to five years in prison for ‘creating a disturbance. Available from < http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/12/chinese-activist-trial-warning-shot>

Countries and their cultures. (2011). China. Culture of china. Available from <http://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/China.html>

Douglas P. (2011). Public relations in Japan. Background information. Available from <http://www.prssa.org/prsic/files/japan.pdf>

Graf R. (2011). 10 major cultural differences between China and the United States. Hub pages. Available from <http://rgraf.hubpages.com/hub/10-Major-Cultural-Differences—China-and-the-United-States>

Hackley C. (2006). International public relations faces challenges. The in fact of Palanca in shaping Mexico’s public relations. University of the Pacific. California State University. Available from <http://www.instituteforpr.org/wp-content/uploads/Intl_PR_Faces_Challenges.pdf>

James R. (2006). China. An international journal. Project MUSE. China’s History Activism and Sino-Japanese Relations. NUS press Pte. Ltd. Available from <http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/china/v004/4.2reilly.html>

James R. (2011). Not the next Arab Spring. The China method for managing popular unrest. East Asia forum. Economics, politics and public policy in the East Asia and the Pacific. University of Sydney.

Ministry of foreign affairs of Japan. (2009). Japan culture volunteers program. Available from < http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/culture/pr/volunteer.html>

Masters C. (2009). Young Japan. The new activism of Japan’s youth. Time specials. Available from <http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1917631_1917629_1917623,00.html>

Sleeboom M. (2006). How to define a population. Cultural politics and population genetics in the people’s republic of china and the republic of china. Palgrave Macmillan. Bio societies. Available from <http://www.palgrave-journals.com/biosoc/journal/v1/n4/abs/biosoc200639a.html>

Stauber J. (2002). Managing activism. PR advice for neutralizing democracy. The center for media and democracy’s PR watch. Available from < http://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2002Q2/managing.html>

U.S. department of state. (2011). Diplomacy in action. Bureau of East Asian and pacific affairs. Background note. Japan. Available from <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4142.htm>

Whiting A. (1992). China and Japan. Politics versus economics. ANNALS. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.

Weber Shandwick worldwide. (2004). The challenges of public relations in China. Outcomes. A great opportunity for the PR industry. Available from <http://www.webershandwick.co.uk/outcomes/issue6/story2.html>

Weber Shandwick worldwide. (2010). Public relations in China. Specialist support for Japan-based companies. Available from < http://japan.webershandwick.com/english/global_commu/pr-china.html>

Zaharna R. (2005). International public relations. Spring 2005. Available from <http://academic2.american.edu/~zaharna/ipr-syllabus.html>

GH56

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