HR assignment Essay ON: LEADERSHIP THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE

Leadership refers to a trait which helps any individual or any organization to have an edge over others. It is one of the most essential elements that help any organization or an enterprise to be a success in the global market (Day, Harris & Hadfield, 2001).Leadership refers to the process or a procedure of directing & guiding the attitude & behaviors of the individuals working in the environment. An effective leadership approach would help any organization to deal with complexities & make the working environment healthy.

School leadership is a synonym to educational leadership, refers to the list of procedures of guiding & enlisting energies of pupils, teachers as well as the parents aimed at achieving the common educational goals (Miller & Miller, 2001).

This terminology is an upcoming & has a great importance in the years to come. Many full time courses are also available for the same. School leadership or educational leadership, is a type of leadership that has been adopted by various schools as well as the colleges in order to increase the level of output & effectiveness amongst pupils, staff, etc.

The concept of educational leadership is favored as it communicates proactivity and dynamism. Educational leadership includes all those people who are involved in the process of achieving the common educational goals, beginning from the principal of the school or college, staff members, pupils, etc (Day, Harris & Hadfield, 2001).Educational leadership is an upcoming concept and provides a considerable difference to the students as well as the functioning of the school.

In changing times, the leadership styles also tend to change. With growing complexities, each and every organization has to change their leadership approach towards the people involved in that particular organization.

Various studies, surveys have reported that there has been an increasing awareness amongst all the schools, colleges regarding the availability of an effective manager & leader (Miller & Miller, 2001). By procurement of the same, the schools as well as the colleges would be able to provide an outstanding education for their students. Schools would be required to be properly trained & the teachers should be committed enough to be able to grasp & apply the new approaches towards the work.

Management & Leadership is the two essential elements which have equal importance, if schools & colleges are to function in the most effective& efficient manner. These two elements help any organization to achieve their goals & objectives (Miller & Miller, 2001).

As discussed above leadership and management are the two most important elements to succeed, therefore, the management official should perceive much about the leadership theories, models, behaviors available & look into the applicability of it in their schools, colleges, etc.

Awareness of the alternative ways is essential to formulate a set of techniques & tools which could be used by the leaders, staff members when they face some problem in their day to day schedule (Day, Harris & Hadfield, 2001).

There are various models or theories of educational leadership. Each school, college must critically evaluate all the models or theories in order to see which one of the following theories suits best in their school or college. The management is responsible to look into the advantages as well as the disadvantages of each model, theory & try to apply in its school. The management should also try and distribute, through word of mouth the importance of educational leadership amongst the developing as well as the upcoming schools (Day, Harris & Hadfield, 2001).Each theory has something different to offer & explains the behavior as well as certain events in the education sector. The applicability of these theories would help the management to have a fair decision making process.

The various models, theories of school management & leadership, reflect different ways of interpreting & understanding the events as well as the behavior in colleges & schools. They depict different origins and epistemologies of this vertical.

Bush classifies the educational leadership models, theories under nine different heads and categories. They are as under managerial, participative, transformational, interpersonal, transactional, post modern, contingency, moral, instructional.

The theory of Transformational leadership (Bush, 2003) defines that this form of leadership indicates, the main aim of this model is concerned with the capacities & commitments of organizational members. This type of leadership theory would help the school, colleges, etc to accomplish their goals with the best of their abilities. This would help them to have greater productivity (Leithwood, Jantzi, & Steinbach, 1999).

According to Leithwood, Jantzi, & Steinbach, 1999 transformational leadership comprises of various other dimensions. This leadership theory is one of the most important models which when incorporated by the schools, college, etc would help them to build school vision, establishing its goals, help in creating a productive school culture, demonstrate high performance expectations, developing a structure in order to have a fair decision making process & use best practices as well as best organizational values.

Bush, 1993 argues that the transformational leadership is an important element for autonomous schools. The transformational theory mainly focuses on the procedure by which the leaders seek to influence school outcomes rather than on the nature or direction of those outcomes.

A transformational leadership theory or model also involves all the stakeholders in the fulfillment of the educational goals & objectives. The main aim of this type of leadership theory is to maintain a harmonious relationship amongst the followers & leaders in order to have a fair decision making process (Allix, 2000).

Apart from all the advantages discussed above reading the transformational leadership style, one of the major disadvantages is that this type of model totally depends upon the ability of the leader i.e. if the leader is not committed & does not influences its counter parts to perform well then the work force would not be able to give its best.

The next type of theory covered under the transformation leadership is the “Participative leadership”. This theory states that all the people involved in the working of the schools & colleges should be involved in the decision making process. The process of decision making is to be focused on the accomplishment of the main goal & objective (Leithwood, Jantzi, & Steinbach, 1999).

Participative theory of leadership is also known as the Collegial Model. The Collegial Model assumes that school & colleges determines various plans & policies, it formulates various decisions by adopting a proper process of discussion which includes all the members & all the members should participate in the decision making process. The decision making process must be fair & should not adopt any unfair trade practices (Harber & Trafford, 1999).

Decision making process should majorly include the Principal, Staff members as they are the ones who share a common understanding regarding the accomplishment of the goal, objective of the school, college.

According to Brundrett, 1998 participative leadership should be adopted by all the schools, colleges as it would help all the teachers to gain something from each other & a fair understanding of the goals.

The application of participative leadership model is based on the three basic principles & would help any educational institution to increase its efficiency & effectiveness (Allix, 2000).

This type of theory would also help in binding all the staff members together. They will work as a group & would be focused to achieve goal of the organization.

Apart from the two educational leadership styles discussed above, there are other leadership styles having certain pros & would also fit in the schools, colleges. The transactional style of leadership would also help the principal as well as the staff members to maintain a cordial relationship with one another & thereby, leading to an effective management of the educational institutions such as schools, colleges, universities, etc (Harber & Trafford, 1999). This type of leadership style would to internally motivate the subordinates in the educational institutions. By adopting his leadership style each and every member involved in the working of the institute would be kept happy & hence, the central idea of attaining the goals & objectives would be accomplished (Allix, 2000).

Each of the educational leadership theories provides a unique but one-dimensional aspect of school leadership. Bush, 1986 cites that much “leadership theory & practice gives a limited view, dwelling excessively on some aspects of leadership to the virtual exclusion of others”.

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