Health assignment essay help: Importance of a Construction Organization & Effective OHS Management System

Health assignment essay help: Importance of a Construction Organization & Effective OHS Management System

Importance of a Construction Organization Developing and Maintaining A Working and Effective OHS Management System

 OHS in construction and building organization is very vital as this industry is always at very high risk and numerous people get injured or suffer from fatal injuries due to hazards in their workplace. The construction sector being a very profitable sector more firms are entering and they skip very simple points of concern like personnel safety at the workplace as they are more concerned about attracting more investors (Cole, 2003). However the constructions companies do not understand that Occupational Health and Safety Manual is a vital part as workers are the heart of the operations. It might produce dire consequences in future if a worker gets injured due to lack of OHS. The physical nature of the construction process portrays a distinguished image the industry and poses serious safety challenges (Petrovic-Lazarevic and Djordjevic, 2002).

Large building and construction projects are found to be dangerous inherently and fatal falls have been reported as the major hazard (LArsson and Field, 2002). Globalisation in the market has increased the need for the Australian construction companies to be competitive on the international arena too (El-Higzi, 2002). Through effective implementation of working and effectual OHS measures the construction industry companies depict a positive influence on the competitiveness. This happens because the time-related as well as the financial costs are being reduced which are associated with occupational hazards.

 Small and medium construction organizations show ineffectiveness and inefficiency due to avoidance of OHS measures (Weil, 2001).

 Some of the important advantages which have been cited by researchers for developing and maintaining a working and effective OHS Management System in a construction organization is:

• Reduced Risk of Legal Cases: In the construction markets to operate legally OHS complaint policies have become compulsory, which the corporation has to observe and if it doesn’t then the business project will become illegal.
• Important workplace behaviour: It helps in making the workers feel safe in the work environment and helps in avoiding casualties.
• Enhances personnel performance and productivity: Using an OHS management system for each and every construction project gives workers clear regulations regarding safe operations of machinery which reduces uncertainty at the work site and saves time and energy too.
• Greater financial yields:  With the help of OHS compliance and enhanced productivity a construction company can easily win bids from the customers thus enhancing its financial productivity too (Harper, 2012).

Moreover there are many other benefits attached with supply chain wide Voluntary Code of Practice (VCP) like reduction in incidents related to construction and deaths as with the help of OHS in construction industry full integrated supply chins will be potentially viable (Ryan, Charles and Hampson, 2006)  . This factors is considered to be very important because 80% of contract expenditure in OECD nations which is related to subcontracting (Packham, Thomas and Miller, 2001)  and since more rapid harmonization will be promoted between the constituents of the project the time which is lost in adjusting to the new work conditions will be reduced to a great extent (Stewart et al., 2003). It has been found that great amount of integration in supply chain will lead to on-time completion of projects, with lesser re-work and in satisfactory manner (Engineers Australia, 2005).

ASSESSMENT TASK 2

RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk assessment is the whole process of estimating the potential impact hazards of demolition project will have on the equipments and people. First we need to find out the likelihood of risk to analyse the risk. And then combine it with consequences.

The potential hazards or risk associated with this Demolition plan are:

• Falling from height at same level
• Falling debris
• Premature collapse of building as it is very old built in 1930’s
• Dust and Fumes
• Silting of drainage system by dust
•  Problems arising from  fuel oils drums which contained oil and created oil stains in area
• Oily and pungent smell in area
• Children in childcare  centre playing outside
• Damage to the primary school or childcare centre building
• Kids playing in the school or childcare centre.
• Risk to the pet dogs in the neighbourhood
•  Fencing in dilapidated and ready to fall around boundary
•  Presence of asbestos and other hazardous substances
•  Noise and vibration from heavy  machinery and equipments
•  Electric Shock
•  Pneumatic drills and power tools
•  Existence of various services like electricity, gas, telephone and water
• Two large tress in the front nature strip might over turn
•  Vehicle over turning in the parking in the milk bar

Likelihood and Consequences

The risk assessment for demolition project are shown in the table 1 below and the risk rating is being measured in terms of consequence (severity) and likelihood (  probability) of the event occurring. The consequences are categorised below in table 1:

The likelihood or the probability of every impact or hazard happening is being rated as per the following quantitative measures:

Determination of Risk Level

The risks have been prioritised as:

Minor injuriesLowUnlikelyLowTraining the workers and putting demolition signs aroundPremature collapse of buildingHeavy injuries and financial lossVery HighRareMediumCheck the status of building prior to demolitionDust and FumesHealth impacts/Deposition in neighbourhood propertiesMediumLikelyHighDust suppression technique to be usedProblems arising from  two oils drumsSlippage or fire on the siteHighPossibleHighOil stains to be cleaned beforehandChildren in childcare  centre playing outsideHealth risk or injury to childrenHighUnlikelyHighIntimation to childcare beforehandDamage to the primary school or childcare centre building

Health hazards and property damageVery HighUnlikelyHighInforming the primary school and childcare to vacate building beforehandKids playing in the school or childcare centreInjuries to kidsHighRareMediumIntimation to childcare beforehandRisk to the pet dogs in the neighbourhood

Injury to animalsMediumUnlikelyMediumInform the owners prior to demolition so that dogs are kept safeFencing in dilapidatedMight fall in neighbouring propertyLowPossibleMediumAs fencing already about to fall should be removed earlierNoise and vibration from heavy  machinery and equipmentsNoise pollution on/off siteMediumPossibleMedium Machinery to be silenced  and regular maintenance of machinery and transportation trucksElectric ShockHealth hazardHighPossibleHighProper maintenance of electrical machines and wiringsPneumatic drills and power toolsHealth impactHighPossibleHighMaintenance of tools and training to use themExistence of various services like electricity, gas, telephone and waterServices might get disruptedHighUnlikelyHighThe backup services should be kept ready and restored after demolitionTwo large tress in the front nature strip might over turnTrees might over turn on vehicles nearbyHighPossibleHighTrees should be cut prior or all the area around them should be clearedVehicle over turning in the parking in the milk barDamage to vehiclesHighPossibleHighVehicles to be removed from parking area prior to demolition

OHS Plan for Demolition Project

PROJECT BACKGROUND

Demolition of House for construction of Block of four units

Name of Client:

Location of Project: Single storey building in suburban area

Timescale for Completion of Project:

EXISTING Environment

The house was built in 1930’s and in late 1950’s cement sheeting was done along with addition of garage and shed using cement.

Surrounding land Uses and Related Restrictions

One side Childcare centre

 Rear of property is primary school

Other side two-storey residence with a family of two adults, two teenage children and two dogs

Existing Services

Telephone, electricity, gas and water

Existing Structures

Fence along boundary is ready to fall and very dilapidated

 Front nature slip has two huge trees and fire hydrant

Milk bar on opposite side of street with five cars to park

Pre-Start Phase

Contractor must submit approval by Project manager, a Project Management Plan and Risk Assessment and Risk Control Plan along with Site Specific Safety plan

Tools and Equipments to be used

• Backhoe loader
• Bars ( crow and pinch)
• Bolt cutters
• Sledge hammers
• Spanners and wrenches
• Chisels
•  Hacksaws and handsaws
• Hammers
• Wheelbarrows
• Signs and barricades
• Water hoses and attachments
• Bobcat
•  Pliers
• Picks and mattocks
• Power drills and saws
• Pneumatic tools
• Concrete saws
• Angle grinders
• Compressors
•  Electronic testers
•  Shovels. Spades , brooms
•  Scaffolds and elevated platforms

Planning and preparation

• Work instructions, security, OHS plan, environmental plan, Safety plans, and quality requirements to be specified.
•  Operational details to be identified and applied with correct information
• Signage and barricades to be placed around the demolition site and across the milk bar
•  Tools, plan and equipments to be selected and checked and faults to be rectified.
• Environmental plans to be followed

Demolition Methods

Using manual labour the structural and non-structural elements will be removed then using other machinery like bobcat and excavators will be used. This will be done after proper permission from authorities ha been taken and proper survey of surrounding areas has been done.

 Removing Materials from site

Materials handling done through mechanical plant including excavators and bobcats and loaded into trucks to be taken to offsite to an approved waste facility or recycling centre. Hazardous materials will be treated separately. After hazardous material inspection a report will be issued by accredited consultant. Final clearance report to be given by hygienist (Preliminary Demolition Plan: EAStwood Centre Redevelopment, 2007).

Following documentation to be prepared by contractor before excavation:

• Dilapidation Survey
• Construction Waste management Plan
• Demolition management plan
• Excavation Management Plan

Cleaning up of the site

 Work area is cleaned and materials are disposed off or recycled as per the codes of Practice or job specifics.

Plants, equipments and tools are cleaned and checked and maintenance is done before storage.

ASSESSMENT TASK 3

REPORT for SENIOR MANGEMENT

This Demolition Plan is for the single-storey building which is located in suburban area. The Project Manager has eth responsibility of carrying out the demolition work following all the OHS safety measures. Therefore the project manager holds the the primary duty under the WHS Act to so that the workers and the other persons do not get exposed health and safety risks which arise form the demolition.

Details of hazard and risk assessments

The potential hazards or risk associated with this Demolition plan are:

• Falling from height at same level
• Falling debris
• Premature collapse of building as it is very old built in 1930’s
• Dust and Fumes
• Silting of drainage system by dust
•  Problems arising from  fuel oils drums which contained oil and created oil stains in area
• Oily and pungent smell in area
• Children in childcare  centre playing outside
• Damage to the primary school or childcare centre building
• Kids playing in the school or childcare centre.
• Risk to the pet dogs in the neighbourhood
•  Fencing in dilapidated and ready to fall around boundary
•  Presence of asbestos and other hazardous substances
•  Noise and vibration from heavy  machinery and equipments
•  Electric Shock
•  Pneumatic drills and power tools
•  Existence of various services like electricity, gas, telephone and water
• Two large tress in the front nature strip might over turn
•  Vehicle over turning in the parking in the milk bar

Risk Assessment:

LowUnlikelyLowTraining the workers and putting demolition signs aroundPremature collapse of buildingVery HighRareMediumCheck the status of building prior to demolitionDust and FumesMediumLikelyHighDust suppression technique to be usedProblems arising from  two oils drumsHighPossibleHighOil stains to be cleaned beforehandChildren in childcare  centre playing outsideHighUnlikelyHighIntimation to childcare beforehandDamage to the primary school or childcare centre building

Very HighUnlikelyHighInforming the primary school and childcare to vacate building beforehandKids playing in the school or childcare centreHighRareMediumIntimation to childcare beforehandRisk to the pet dogs in the neighbourhood

MediumUnlikelyMediumInform the owners prior to demolition so that dogs are kept safeFencing in dilapidatedLowPossibleMediumAs fencing already about to fall should be removed earlierNoise and vibration from heavy  machinery and equipmentsMediumPossibleMedium Machinery to be silenced  and regular maintenance of machinery and transportation trucksElectric ShockHighPossibleHighProper maintenance of electrical machines and wiringsPneumatic drills and power toolsHighPossibleHighMaintenance of tools and training to use themExistence of various services like electricity, gas, telephone and waterHighUnlikelyHighThe backup services should be kept ready and restored after demolitionTwo large tress in the front nature strip might over turnHighPossibleHighTrees should be cut prior or all they are around them should be clearedVehicle over turning in the parking in the milk barHighPossibleHighVehicles to be removed from parking area prior to demolition

 Control measures to be implemented

 Risk can be minimised through:

–          Substitution

–          Isolation

–          Engineering

–          Administrative Controls

–          Personal protective equipments

List of stakeholders and responsibilities including line of communication

 Line of CommunicationResponsibilitiesContractorContact project ManagerTo ensure OHS plan is implemented properlyProject managerTrain and convey workers in proper manner, Inform people in neighbourhood about DemolitionDevelop Demolition plan which conforms OHS standardsWorkersLearn training manuals and follow properlyCarry out demolition following all the standard practicesPeople in neighbourhoodSignage and hoardingsStay away and follow precautionary measures as suggested by Project managerKids in primary school and childcare centreSignage and hoarding and official intimation letter about demolitionMake the kids not to come to school or childcare centre for the days when demolition is continued.

Induction program and trainings needed by workers on site

Training related to excavation work and to the site should be given to the workers which includes:

• Nature of risk and hazards
•  Site emergency procedures
• Methods of carrying out work in safe manner
• Teaching them about contents of Safe Works Management System (Code of Practice Demolition Work, 2011)

Other detailed information regarding management of OHS on demolition site

The control measures should be reviewed in regular manner to confirm that they are effective. It can be done through:

• Consultation
•  Workplace inspection
•  Testing and analysis of data and records (Code of Practice Demolition Work, 2011)

Evaluation of effectiveness of plan strengths and weaknesses of plan

The plan is quite good and the strengths like:

• Follows all the OHS measures and has a proper Demolition Plan
• Properly trained workers
•  Safety plan in place for workers
• Proper intimation of demolition to neighbourhood areas

Weaknesses

• The plan of demolition does not have any review and analysis plan.
• The OHS plan should be reviewed regularly and changes should be made
• Workplace inspection should be done regularly by project manager

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